Approximation results of Artin-Tougeron-type for general filtrations and for \(C^r\)-equations (Q2220181)

Let \(R\) be a commutative ring and \(I_{\bullet}=\{I_\nu\}\) a descending filtration by ideals, \(R=I_0\supset I_1\supset\ldots\) The approximation property holds for \(R\), \(I_\bullet\) if for every finite system of polynomial equations over \(R\), a solution in the completion \(\hat R^{I_\bullet}\) implies the existence of a solution in \(R\), which can be chosen arbitrary close to the formal solution in the filtered topology. \textit{M. Artin} proved for \(R=K\langle x\rangle\), the ring of algebraic power series in \(x=(x_1,\ldots,x_n)\), \(K\) a field and \(I_\bullet\) the \(x\)-adic filtration in his famous paper [Publ. Math., Inst. Hautes Étud. Sci. 36, 23--58 (1969; Zbl 0181.48802)] the approximation property. This was generalized by \textit{D. Popescu} [Nagoya Math. J. 104, 85--115 (1986; Zbl 0592.14014)] to the case \(R\) being Noetherian, excellent, Henselian and \(I_\bullet=\{I^j\}_{j\geq 0}\) for an ideal \(I\subset R\). In this paper several approximation results of this type are extended to rather general filtrations and to \(\mathcal C^r\)-rings, \(r\geq 2\).