Liouvillian integrability of the generalized Duffing oscillators (Q2221316)

The generalized Duffing oscillators are given by the following system of ordinary differential equations \[ x_{t}=y,y_{t}=-\alpha y-\epsilon x^{m}-\alpha x,\epsilon \neq 0,m\in N,m\geq 2.\tag{\(\ast\)} \] In this article, the author has solved completely the problem of Liouvillian integrability for the force-free generalized Duffing oscillators. It is shown that the general solutions in integrable cases are expressible via elliptic and hyperelliptic functions. The relationship between the generalized Duffing systems and the Newell-Whitehead-Segel equation \[ u_{\tau}=du_{zz}+\beta u-\delta u^{m} \] is used to characterize algebraically invariant travelling waves of the latter.The author has used the method of Puiseux series introduced in [\textit{M. V. Demina}, Phys. Lett., A 382, No. 20, 1353--1360 (2018; Zbl 1398.34050); Appl. Math. Lett. 84, 42--48 (2018; Zbl 1391.37041)]. One of the main results of the author is stated in the following: Polynomial dynamical systems (*) with \( \epsilon \neq 0 \) are Liouvillian integrable if and only if either \( \alpha =0 \) or \( m=2, \sigma =\pm \frac{6\alpha^{2}}{25} \), \( m > 2, \sigma = \frac{2\alpha^{2}(m+1)}{(m+3)^{2}} \).