Quasi-bi-Hamiltonian structures and superintegrability: study of a Kepler-related family of systems endowed with generalized Runge-Lenz integrals of motion (Q2230357)

As is well-known, the main reason to study systems admitting bi-Hamiltonian, i.e., Hamiltonian with respect to two compatible Poisson brackets, is the existence of commuting conserved quantities, thus providing the missing step in the standard Arnold-Liouville integrability, which does not specify the means to find such commuting first integrals. On the other hand, there are many interesting (classical and quantum) superintegrable systems, i.e., Hamiltonian systems of \(n\) degrees of freedom possessing the maximal number \(2n-1\) of functionally independent integrals of motion. The paper is devoted to the interplay between (weak quasi) bi-Hamiltonian systems and superintegrability, which quite surprisingly is established by means of certain complex functions. The author focuses on a particular Kepler-related potential containing three independent parameters, which reduces to the usual Kepler potential for a particular choice of the parameters. The main result of the paper is the construction of two particular complex functions (although the author does not comment on how exactly to find such functions in a more general setting), the product of which commutes with the Hamiltonian, thus providing the additional conserved quantity. The latter is the generalization of the Laplace vector (as in the standard Kepler potential limit it reproduces the usual Laplace vector), thus implying the superintegrability of the system. Subsequently, the author, quite surprisingly, shows that these complex functions also provide the bi-Hamiltonian structure of the system. Indeed, the corresponding 2-form is constructed simply by taking the external product of the differentials of the two complex functions. Thus, by providing two complex functions, the author establishes a connection between the system being bi-Hamiltonian and superintegrable for this class of Kepler-related potentials. The results and calculations presented in the paper are quite interesting, and I would be curious to know if this construction can be generalized to other, more complex systems.