Ultraproduct coefficients in étale cohomology -- a survey (Q2235723)

This survey paper aims to review the construction and applications of a new Weil cohomology by using ultraproduct of finite fields in the following two preprints: [\textit{A. Cadoret}, Ultraproduct Weil II for curves and integral models in compatible families of \(\ell\)-adic local sysytem (2020), \url{https://webusers.imj-prg.fr/~anna.cadoret/Weil2Ultra.pdf}] and [\textit{A. Cadoret} and \textit{A. Tamagawa}, Variations on a Tannakian Cebotarev density theorem (2020), \url{https://webusers.imj-prg.fr/~anna.cadoret/CeboTannakian.pdf}]. The proofs are sketched for some important results. Following the first paper, the author settles the notion of ultraproduct local system and weight theory for ultraproduct coefficients in sections 2 and 3 to show the analog of the main theorem in Weil II. The last two sections are on applications of this theory, one is about the integral model and another is about Langlands correspondence in this setting. At the end of this survey, a Tannakian Cebotarev density theorem is given after the second paper.