Turán number of special four cycles in triple systems (Q2237241)

A Berge four-cycle in a triple system has four distinct vertices \(v_1\), \(v_2\), \(v_3\), \(v_4\) and four distinct triples \(\{ \{w_1, v_1, v_2\}\), \(\{w_2, v_2, v_3\}\), \(\{w_3, v_3, v_4\}\), \(\{w_4, v_4, v_1\}\}\); the \(w_j\)s may coincide with the \(v_j\)s or with each other. A special four-cycle is a Berge four-cycle for which \(\{v_1, v_2, v_3, v_4\} \cap \{w_1, w_2, w_3, w_4\} = \emptyset\), but the \(w_j\)s need not be distinct. The special four-cycle \(F_1\) has all \(w_j\)s distinct; \(F_2\) has all \(w_j\)s equal; \(F_3\) has \(w_1 = w_2 \neq w_3 = w_4\); and \(F_4\) is the Pasch configuration (\(w_1 = w_3 \neq w_2 = w_4\)). The family of all seven non-isomorphic special four-cycles is denoted by \(\mathcal F\). In this paper, it is shown that \(\operatorname{ex}(n, \{F_1, F_2, F_3\}) = \Theta(n^{3/2})\) and that the Turán number \(\operatorname{ex}(n, {\mathcal F}) = \Theta(n^{3/2})\). The paper undertakes the classification of \(\operatorname{ex}(n, {\mathcal A})\) for all \({\mathcal A} \subseteq {\mathcal F}\). In addition to the known results that \(\operatorname{ex}(n, \emptyset) = \Theta(n^3)\) and \(\operatorname{ex}(n, F_2) = \Theta(n^{5/2})\), it is shown that \(\operatorname{ex}(n, {\mathcal A}) = \Theta(n^{3/2})\) for 16 choices of \({\mathcal A}\) and \(\operatorname{ex}(n, {\mathcal A}) = \Theta(n^2)\) for 92 choices of \({\mathcal A}\). The remaining 18 cases are not resolved.