On central critical values of the degree four \(L\)-functions for \(\mathrm{GSp}(4)\): a simple trace formula (Q2249621)

Let \(F\) be a number field and \(E\) a quadratic extension. Let \(\{D_\varepsilon\}\) be a set of representatives for the isomorphism classes of central simple quaternion algebra over \(F\) containing \(E\), where \(\varepsilon\) runs over a set of representatives for \(F^\times/N_{E/F}(E^\times)\). The quaternion similitude unitary group \(G_\varepsilon\) of degree \(2\) over \(D_\varepsilon\) is defined in this paper. \(G_\varepsilon\) is an inner form of \(G= \mathrm{GSp}(4,F)\). It is conjectured a correspondence between automorphic cuspidal representation \(\pi\) of \(G(\mathbb{A})\) and \(\pi_\varepsilon\) of \(G_\varepsilon(\mathbb{A})\). In this paper, this conjecture under some conditions is showed by using a relative trace formula. The conjectured relative trace formula is an equality between global Bessel distributions \(J_\pi(f)\) for \(\pi\), and the sum \(\sum_\varepsilon J_{\pi_\varepsilon}(f_\varepsilon)\) for the representations \(\pi_\varepsilon\), where \(f \in C_c^\infty(G(\mathbb{A}))\) and \(f_\varepsilon \in C_c^\infty(G_\varepsilon(\mathbb{A}))\) are ``matching''. In this paper, a weak version of this formula is showed, and therefore the correspondence follows. Further, since the Bessel distribution is related to the special value \(L(1/2,\pi)L(1/2,\pi \otimes \chi_{E/F})\), from this formula they show that \(\pi\) corresponds to some \(\pi_\varepsilon\) if and only if this special value is not vanishing. Here \(L(s,\pi)\) indicates the spinor \(L\)-function of \(\pi\), and \(\pi \otimes \chi_{E/F}\) the similitude twist of \(\pi\) by the quadratic character \(\chi_{E/F}\) associated to \(E/F\).