A characterization of Campanato space via commutator of fractional integral (Q2252457)

Let \(b\) be a locally integrable function on \(\mathbb R^n\) and \(T\) be an integral operator. Then \(T_b(f):=bT(f)-T(bf)\). Let \(-n/p\leq\beta<1\) and \(1\leq p<\infty\). Then the Campanato space \(C^{p,\beta}(\mathbb R^n)\) consists of all functions \(f\in L^p_{\mathrm{loc}}(\mathbb R^n)\) with finite norm \[ \|f\|_{C^{p,\beta}(\mathbb R^n)}=\sup\limits_{B}\|f\|_{C^{p,\beta}(B)}=\sup\limits_{B}|B|^{-\beta/n} \left(|B|^{-1}\int_B|f(x)-f_B|^p\,dx\right)^{1/p}, \] where \(f_B=|B|^{-1}\int_B f(x)\,dx\), \(|B|\) is the Lebesgue measure of \(B\) and \(B\) denotes a ball in \(\mathbb R^n\). For \(-n/p\leq\beta<0\), \(1\leq p<\infty\), the Morrey space \(M^{p,\beta}(\mathbb R^n)\) contains all functions \(f\in L^p_{\mathrm{loc}}(\mathbb R^n)\) with finite norm \[ \|f\|_{M^{p,\beta}(\mathbb R^n)}=\sup\limits_{B}\|f\|_{M^{p,\beta}(B)}=\sup\limits_{B}|B|^{-\beta/n} \left(|B|^{-1}\int_B|f(x)|^p\,dx\right)^{1/p}. \] For \(0<\alpha<n\) and appropriate function \(f\) the fractional integral \(I_\alpha f\) is defined by \[ I_\alpha f(x)=\int_{\mathbb R^n}\frac{f(y)}{|y-x|^{n-\alpha}}\,dy. \] The main result of paper is Theorem 1.1. Let \(-n/p\leq \beta<0\), \(\max(1,n/(1-\beta))<p<\infty\), \(0<\alpha<n\), \(-n/p_i\leq \beta_i<0\), \(1/p=\sum^2_{i=1}1/p_i\), \(\beta=\sum^2_{i=1}\beta_i\), \(p_1\) be even, \(1/p_2=1/q-\alpha/n\), \(1<q<n/\alpha\), \(\gamma=\beta_2-\alpha\). Assume in addition that \(b(x)\) satisfies the reverse Hölder type inequality \[ \sup\limits_B|b(x)-b_B|\leq C|B|^{-1}\int_B|b(x)-b_B|\,dx. \] Then the following statements are equivalent: {\parindent=6mm \begin{itemize}\item[(1)] \(b\in C^{p_1,\beta_1}(\mathbb R^n)\); \item[(2)] \((I_\alpha)_b\) is a bounded operator from \(M^{q,\gamma}(\mathbb R^n)\) to \(C^{p,\beta}(\mathbb R^n)\); \item[(3)] for any ball \(B\subset \mathbb R^n\) and \(m\in\mathbb Z_+\) there exists a constant \(C>0\) such that \[ \|I^m_{\alpha,b}f\|_{C^{p,\beta}} \leq C|B|^{\beta_1\frac{(m-1)}{n}}\|f\|_{M^{q,\gamma}(B)}, \] where \[ I^m_{\alpha,b}f(x)=\int_{\mathbb R^n}(b(x)-b(y))^m\frac{f(y)}{|y-x|^{n-\alpha}}\,dy. \] \end{itemize}} The authors also obtain a sufficient condition for the boundedness of \((I_{\Omega,\alpha})_b\) from \(M^{q,\gamma}(\mathbb R^n)\) to \(C^{p,\beta}(\mathbb R^n)\), where \[ T_{\Omega,\alpha} f(x)=\int_{\mathbb R^n}\frac{\Omega(x-y)f(y)}{|y-x|^{n-\alpha}}\,dy \] and \(\Omega\) is homogeneous of degree \(0\) and has zero mean on the \((n-1)\)-dimensional unit sphere \(S^{n-1}\).