On the membership of Hankel operators in a class of Lorentz ideals (Q2253162)

Let \(S\) denote the unit sphere in \(\mathbb{C}^n\) (\(n\geq 2\)) and let \(\sigma\) be the normalized standard surface measure on \(S\). The Hardy space \(H^2(S)\) is the closed subspace of \(L^2(S,d\sigma)\) spanned by analytic polynomials in \(z_1,\dots,z_n\). For a function \(f\in L^2(S,d\sigma)\), the Hankel operator \(H_{f}\) is defined as \((I-P)M_{f}|_{H^2(S)}\), where \(P\) is the orthogonal projection from \(L^2(S,d\sigma)\) onto \(H^2(S)\). The boundedness and compactness of \(H_{f}\) were characterized by the second author [J. Funct. Anal. 255, No. 1, 25--45 (2008; Zbl 1143.47021)]. In [ibid. 257, No. 10, 3082--3134 (2009; Zbl 1178.47019)] and [ibid. 266, No. 2, 876--930 (2014; Zbl 1306.47038)], the authors characterized the membership of \(H_{f}\) in the Schatten class \(\mathcal{C}_{p}\) and in the ideal \(\mathcal{C}_{p}^{+}\), \(2n<p<\infty\). The present paper offers a characterization of the membership of \(H_{f}\) in the Lorentz ideal \(\mathcal{C}_{p}^{-}\), \(2n<p<\infty\). For \(1<p<\infty\), an operator \(A\) belongs to the Lorentz ideal \(\mathcal{C}_{p}^{-}\) if and only if \[ \|A\|_{p}^{-} = \sum_{j=1}^{\infty}\dfrac{s_j(A)}{j^{(p-1)/p}}<\infty, \] where \(s_1(A)\geq s_2(A)\geq\dots\) are the singular numbers of \(A\). Let \(\Phi_{p}^{-}\) be the symmetric gauge function associated with the symmetric norm \(\|\cdot\|_{p}^{-}\) above. For a function \(f\in L^2(S,d\sigma)\) and a point \(z\) in the unit ball \(B\), define \[ \text{Var}(f;z)=\|(f-\langle fk_z,k_z\rangle)k_z\|^2, \] where \(k_z\) is the normalized reproducing kernel for \(H^2(S)\) at \(z\). It has been known from previous results that the quantity \(\text{Var}(f;z)\) plays an important role in the study of \(H_{f}\). Naturally, the main result in the paper relies on \(\text{Var}(f;z)\) as well. More specifically, the following result is proved. Let \(2n<p<\infty\) and \(0<a<b<\infty\) with \(b\geq 2a\) be given. Then there are positive constants \(c\) and \(C\) depending only on \(p, a, b\) and \(n\) such the inequalities \[ c\,\Phi_{p}^{-}(\{\text{Var}^{1/2}(f-Pf;z)\}_{z\in\Gamma})\leq\|H_{f}\|_{p}^{-}\leq C\,\Phi_{p}^{-}(\{\text{Var}^{1/2}(f-Pf;z)\}_{z\in\Gamma}) \] hold for every \(f\in L^2(S,d\sigma)\) and every \(a,b\)-lattice \(\Gamma\) in the unit ball \(B\). The proof of this result is based on newly developed techniques together with techniques from the authors' previous papers.