Restriction to compact subgroups in the cyclic homology of reductive \(p\)-adic groups (Q2253262)

Let \(G\) be a reductive \(p\)-adic group, and let \(\mathcal M_f(G)\) denote the category of finitely generated, smooth representations of \(G\), viewed as an exact category enriched over \(\mathbb C\)-vector spaces; let \(\mathrm{HH}_*(\mathcal M_f(G))\) and \(\mathrm{HC}_*(\mathcal M_f(G))\) denote the Hochschild and cyclic homology groups associated by Keller to this category. The same groups may be obtained via a construction of McCarthy as shown in Section~2 of the article. The Hochschild and cyclic homology groups of an object \(C\) are related by an exact sequence denoted by \(\mathrm{H}(C)\), so that for instance ``\(f:\mathrm{H}(C)\to\mathrm{H}(C')\)'' means that \(f\) is a pair of graded linear maps \(\mathrm{HH}_*(C)\to\mathrm{HH}_*(C')\) and \(\mathrm{HC}_*(C)\to\mathrm{HC}_*(C')\) that commute with the transition maps occurring in \(\mathrm{H}(C)\). Let \(\mathcal H(G)\) be the Hecke algebra of \(G\). It follows from results of Bernstein and Keller (see Theorem~2.1) that there is an isomorphism \[ \mathrm{H}(\mathcal M_f(G))\simeq\mathrm{H}(\mathcal H(G)).\leqno{(*)} \] Let \(G_c\) be the union of the compact subgroups of \(G\). This is an open, closed, and conjugation-invariant subset of \(G\), so its characteristic function is a locally constant, conjugation-invariant function from \(G\) to \(\mathbb C\). In previous studies of the cyclic homology groups of \(\mathcal H(G)\) a central role was played by the idempotent operator \(1_{G_c}\) on \(\mathrm{H}(\mathcal H(G))\) which corresponds to the above characteristic function. In degree zero, the isomorphism \((*)\) restricts to \[ \sum_{K\subset G\atop\text{compact open}}\mathrm{ind}_K^G\left(\mathrm{HH}_0(\mathcal M_f(K))\right)\simeq 1_{G_c}\left(\mathrm{HH}_0(\mathcal H(G))\right), \] where \(\mathrm{ind}_K^G:\mathcal M_f(K)\to\mathcal M_f(G)\) is the functor of compact induction. In higher degrees, Higson and Nistor, and Schneider have given a description of the image of \(1_{G_c}\) in terms of chamber homology, which combines the groups \(\mathrm{H}(\mathcal M_f(G))\) and the combinatorics of the Bruhat-Tits building of \(G\). In the article under review, the author studies the commutation relations between \(1_{G_c}\) and other representation-theoretic operators: parabolic induction, Jacquet restriction, idempotents in the Bernstein center, and characters of admissible families of representations. The functors of parabolic induction and Jacquet restriction with respect to a Levi subgroup \(M\) of \(G\) induce, via \((*)\), maps in homology: \[ i: \mathrm{H}(\mathcal H(M))\to\mathrm{H}(\mathcal H(G))\quad\text{and}\quad r: \mathrm{H}(\mathcal H(G))\to\mathrm{H}(\mathcal H(M)). \] Proposition~3.7 computes the map \(r\) and shows that it coincides with the one previously defined by Nistor. One consequence is that the map \(r\) commutes with compact induction: \[ r1_{G_c}=1_{M_c}r.\leqno{(**)} \] It has previously been observed by Dat that \((**)\) holds in degree-zero homology. Also each idempotent \(E\) in the Bernstein center of \(G\) induces an idempotent endomorphism of \(\mathrm{H}(\mathcal H(G))\), and Dat has proved that one has \([E,1_{G_c}]=0\) as operators on \(\mathrm{HH}_0(\mathcal H(G))\). The author conjectures (and proves in the case when \(G=\mathrm{SL}_2(F)\)) that the same holds on all of \(\mathrm{H}(\mathcal H(G))\). On the other hand, Dat has shown, using a formula of Clozel, that parabolic induction does not commute with compact restriction in degree-zero homology of \(\mathrm{SL}_2(F)\). By extending Clozel's formula to higher homology (in the special case of \(\mathrm{SL}_2(F)\)), the author proves that parabolic induction commutes with compact restriction (Theorem 3.17 and Corollary 3.20). Moreover, he shows that the failure to commute in degree-zero is confined to a single Bernstein component -- the unramified principal series -- and derives an explicit formula for the commutator in terms of the Iwahori-Hecke algebra. He conjectures that Clozel's formula is valid in higher homology for all reductive \(p\)-adic groups and proves the analogue of this conjecture for affine Weyl groups (Proposition 4.3). Each admissible representation \(\pi\) of \(G\) determines a map \[ \mathrm{ch}_\pi:\mathrm{HH}_0(\mathcal H(G))\to\mathbb C, \] the character of \(\pi\). This construction extends to families of representations: if \(X\) is a complex affine variety, and \(\pi\) is an admissible algebraic family of representations parametrized by \(X\), then the functor \[ \Hom(-,\pi):\mathcal M_f(G)\to\mathcal M_f(\mathcal O(X)) \] induces a map \[ \mathrm{ch}_\pi:\mathrm{H}(\mathcal H(G))\to\mathrm{H}(\mathcal O(X)). \] For instance, if \(\sigma\) is an irreducible supercuspidal representation of a Levi subgroup \(M\) of \(G\), and \(\Psi\) is the complex torus of unramified characters of \(M\), then the parabolically induced representation \(\pi:=i(\mathcal O(\Psi)\otimes\sigma)\) is an admissible family over \(\Psi\). The compact-restriction operator \(1_{\Lambda_c}\) for the lattice \(\Lambda_c=\Hom(\Psi,\mathbb C^\times)\) acts on the homology of \(\mathcal O(\Psi)\), and Proposition~3.23 asserts that \[ 1_{\Lambda_c}\mathrm{ch}_\pi=\mathrm{ch}_\pi 1_{\Lambda_c} \] as maps \(\mathrm{HH}_0(\mathcal H(G))\to\mathrm{HH}_0(\mathcal O(\Psi))\). If Clozel's formula holds in higher-degree homology of \(M\) the the above equality is valid on all of \(\mathrm{H}(\mathcal H(G))\).