Ultraquadrics associated to affine and projective automorphisms (Q2254538)

An \textit{ultraquadric} is a high dimensional rational variety built from a birational map from \({\mathbb F}^n\) to \({\mathbb F}^n\), where \({\mathbb F}\) is the algebraic closure of an algebraic extension \({\mathbb K}(\alpha)\), and \({\mathbb K}\) is the ground field. It can be seen as a higher dimensional generalization of the notion of \textit{hypercircle}, already introduced by the authors as a tool to solve the problem of reparametrizing over the ground field curves (possibly in high dimension) that are defined by a parametrization with coefficients over an algebraic extension. In a similar way, ultraquadrics can be used to reparametrize not curves, but varieties of dimension greater than 1, given by parametrizations with coefficients in \({\mathbb K}(\alpha)\), so that the coefficients of the new parametrization belong to the ground field \({\mathbb K}\). The paper addresses the properties of some higher dimensional ultraquadrics, namely those associated with automorphisms in the field \({\mathbb K}(\alpha)(t_1,\ldots,t_n)\), defined by linear rational (with common denominator) or by polynomial (with inverse also polynomial) coordinates. It is shown in the paper that ultraquadrics related to polynomial automorphisms can be characterized as varieties \({\mathbb K}\)-isomorphic to linear varieties, while ultraquadrics arising from projective automorphisms are isomorphic to the Segre embedding of a blowup of the projective space along an ideal and, in some general case, linearly isomorphic to a toric variety. Some further details about the real-complex, 2-dimensional case are also given, showing, for instance, that this family of ultraquadrics can be presented as a collection of ruled surfaces described by pairs of hypercircles.