Solution of extremal problems in Bergman spaces using the Bergman projection (Q2254645)

For \(1<p<\infty\), let \(A^p\) be the Bergman space on the open unit disk \(\mathbb{D}\) of \(\mathbb{C}\). It is well known that if \(\phi\) is a bounded linear functional on \(A^p\), there is a unique kernel \(k_\phi\in A^{p^\prime}\), where \(p^\prime\) denotes the conjugate exponent of \(p\), such that \(\phi(f)=\int_{\mathbb{D}} f\overline k_\phi \frac{dA}{\pi}\) and \(\|\phi\|\leq \|k_\phi\|_{A^{p^\prime}}\leq C_p \|\phi\|\). When \(p=2\), then \(C_2=1\) and in this case the map \(\phi\to k_\phi\) is an isometry. Since \(A^p\) is strictly convex, given \(\phi\in (A^p)^*\), \(\phi\neq 0\), there is a unique function \(F\in A^p\) with norm \(\|F\|_{A^p}=1\) for which \(\mathrm{Re\,}\phi (F)=\|\phi\|\). In this paper the author shows that this extremal function satisfies \(P(|F|^{p-2}F)=k_\phi/\|\phi\|\), where \(P\) denotes the Bergman projection. For \(\phi_1,\dots, \phi_N\in (A^p)^*\) linearly independent, the author proves that a function \(F\in A^p\) satisfies \[ \|F\|_{A_p}=\inf\big\{\|f\|_{A^p}: \phi_1(f)=\phi_1(F),\dots, \phi_N(f)=\phi_N(F)\big\} \] if and only if \(P(|F|^{p-2}F)\) is a linear combination of the kernels \(k_{\phi_1},\dots, k_{\phi_N}\). In the particular case where \(\phi_j(f)=f^{(j)}(0)\) we have \(k_{\phi_j}(z)=(j+1)!z^j\) and thus \(P(|F|^{p-2}F)\) is a polynomial of degree at most \(N\). From these results and the calculation of \(P(\varphi)\) for certain \(\varphi\in L^p\), the author solves explicitly some extremal problems which include the characterization of the canonical divisor in \(A^p\), with \(p\) an even integer, of a finite zero-set in \(\mathbb{D}\).