Nonlinear extensions of the Perron-Frobenius theorem and the Krein-Rutman theorem (Q2259136)

This paper deals with extensions of the well-known Perron-Frobenius theorem for nonnegative matrices in finite-dimensional spaces to the infinite-dimensional case, more precisely, for ordered Banach spaces, giving rise to some versions of the celebrated Krein-Rutman theorems for linear operators and its (different) generalizations to a few classes of nonlinear mappings. The paper is interesting not only because it gives relevant new theorems, but also for the large overview of the many scattered results on the subject. Section 1 is devoted to preliminaries, including in particular the numbers \(r^*(T)\) and \(r_*(T)\) which play the role of the spectral radius \(r(T)\) in the linear case. Section 2 contains one of the main results (Theorem 2.3), extending Krein-Rutman theorem to the case of an increasing map \(T: X\to X\), where \(X\) is an ordered Banach space which is positively \(1\)-homogeneous compact and semi-strongly positive (it is assumed that \(\text{int}(P)\neq\emptyset\), where \(P\) is the positive cone in \(X\)). This improves previous work by the author. Moreover, the minimax theorem of Collatz in finite dimensions is generalized to this case. The second main result is Theorem 3.1, where the so-called ``power method'' is extended to eventually strongly positive operators satisfying the same assumptions. It is proved in Section 4 that the notions of semi-strong positivity and decomposability are equivalent. Finally, Section 5 gives interesting applications to eigenvalue problems for tensors and elliptic systems involving the \(p\)-Laplacian.