Skyrme-Faddeev instantons on complex surfaces (Q2260710)

The authors study a conformally invariant \(\sigma_2\)-variational problem for a map \(\varphi:(M^4,g)\to (N,h)\). The map \(\varphi\) is an instanton solution for the strongly coupled Skyrme and Faddeev models if it is a stable smooth critical point of the \(\sigma_2\) (finite) energy \(\mathcal{E}_{\sigma_2}(\varphi)= \int_M|\wedge^2d\varphi|^2v_g\). The authors assume that \(N\) is a surface. In this case the \(\sigma_2\)-energy becomes the symplectic energy \(\mathcal{F}(\varphi)= {{1}\over{2}} \int_M|\varphi^\ast\omega|^2 v_g\), where \(\omega\) is the area \(2\)-form on \(N\). The authors obtain instanton solutions on certain classes of compact complex surfaces endowed with a conformally Kähler structure and which are non trivial sphere or torus bundles. After recalling some basic material of the minimal submanifolds theory, the authors show that having minimal area stable fibres forces a submersion with constant \(\sigma_2\)-energy to be a stable \(\sigma _2\)-critical point. Then they study the instanton solutions on complex surfaces with Vaisman structures. They identify a local \(\sigma_2\)-minimizer defined on the gravitational instanton of \textit{D. Page} [``A compact rotating gravitational instanton'', Phys. Lett. B 79, 235--238 (1978)]. This can be seen as another complex surface with conformally Kähler structure (Hirzebruch surface).