Stability under deformations of extremal almost-Kähler metrics in dimension 4 (Q2275719)

Let \((M,\omega)\) be a compact symplectic manifold of dimension \(2n\). Let \(AK_\omega\) be the Fréchet space of \(\omega\)-compatible almost-complex structures. Denote by \(\text{Ham}(M,\omega)\) the group of Hamiltonian symplectomorphisms of \((M,\omega)\). The natural action of \(\text{Ham}(M,\omega)\) on \(AK_\omega\) is Hamiltonian with momentum given by the Hermitian scalar curvature \(s^\nabla\) of \((J,g)\). The square-norm of \(s^\nabla\) defines a functional on \(AK_\omega\) \[ J \mapsto \int _M(s^\nabla)^2{\omega^n\over n!}. \] The critical points \((J,g)\) of the functional above are called extremal almost-Kähler metrics. The main result in this paper is: Theorem 1.1. Let \((M,\omega)\) be a 4-dimensional compact symplectic manifold and let \(T\) be a maximal torus in \(\text{Ham}(M,\omega)\). Let \((J_t,g_t)\) be any smooth family of \(T\)-invariant \(\omega\)-compatible almost-Kähler metrics such that \((J_0,g_0)\) is an extremal Kähler metric. Suppose that \(h_{\bar J_t} = h_{\bar J_0} = b^+(M)-1\) for \(t \in (-\varepsilon,\varepsilon)\), where \(h_{\bar J_t}\) is the dimension of the \(g_t\)-harmonic \(J_t\)-anti-invariant 2-forms and \(b^+(M)\) is the dimension of a maximal positive subspace for the intersection form on \(H_2(M; {\mathbb Z})\). Then there exists a smooth family \((\tilde{J}_t, \tilde{g}_t)\) of \(T\)-invariant extremal almost-Kähler metrics compatible with \(\omega\), defined for sufficiently small \(t\), with \((\tilde{J}_0, \tilde{g}_0)= (J_0,g_0)\) and such that \(\tilde{J}_t\) is equivariantly diffeomorphic to \(J_t\). The main technical problem is the regularity of a family of Green operators involved in the definition of the almost-Kähler potential.