Parabolic maximal operators along surfaces of revolution with rough kernels (Q2280076)

Let $\alpha_{i}\geq 1,$ $1\leq i\leq 1,$ be fixed real numbers and set $\alpha =\alpha_{1}+\cdots +\alpha_{n}$. For fixed $x\in \mathbb{R}^{n}$ the function $F(x,\rho )=\sum_{i=1}^{n}\frac{x_{i}^{2}}{\rho^{2\alpha_{i}}}$ is a strictly decreasing function for $\rho >0$ and hence there exists a unique $\rho (x)$ such that $F(x,\rho (x))=1$. For $t>0,$ set $A_{t}=\operatorname{diag}[t^{\alpha_{1}},\ldots ,t^{\alpha_{n}}]$. For $x^{\prime}\in \mathbb{S}^{n-1},$ set $J(x^{\prime})=\alpha_{1}x_{1}^{\prime 2}+\cdots +\alpha_{n}x_{n}^{\prime 2}$ and hence $dx=\rho^{\alpha -1}J(x^{\prime})d\rho d\sigma (x^{\prime})$, where $d\sigma $ is the surface measure on $\mathbb{S}^{n-1}$. Let $\Omega $ be a real-valued function on $\mathbb{R}^{n}$ which satisfies the homogeneity condition $\Omega (A_{t}x)=\Omega (x)$ for all $t>0$ and $\int_{\mathbb{S}^{n-1}} \Omega(x^{\prime})J(x^{\prime})d\sigma (x^{\prime})=0$. Let $K_{\Omega,h}$ be the kernel on $\mathbb{R}^{n}$ given by $K_{\Omega,h}(x)=\frac{\Omega (x^{\prime})h(\rho (x))}{\rho (x)^{\alpha}},$ where $h:[0,\infty)\rightarrow \mathbb{C}$ is a measurable function. Let $\mathfrak{L}^{\gamma}(\mathbb{R}^{+})$ be the set of all measurable functions $h:[0,\infty)\rightarrow \mathbb{C}$ that satisfy the condition $\left(\int_{0}^{\infty}\left\vert h(r)\right\vert^{\gamma}\frac{dr}{r}\right)^{1/\gamma}\leq 1$ and let $\mathfrak{L}^{\infty}(\mathbb{R}^{+})=L^{\infty}(\mathbb{R}^{\mathbf{+}},\frac{dr}{r})$. For a suitable mapping $\varphi :\mathbb{R}^{\mathbf{+}}\rightarrow \mathbb{R}$, we define the maximal operator $M_{P,\Omega,\varphi}^{(\gamma )}$ for $f\in \mathbb{S}(\mathbb{R}^{n+1})$ by \[ M_{P,\Omega,\varphi}^{(\gamma )}(f)(\bar{x})=\sup_{h\in \mathfrak{L}^{\gamma}(\mathbb{R} ^{+})}\int_{\mathbb{R}^{n}}e^{iP(y)}f(x-y,x_{n+1}-\varphi (\rho (y)))K_{\Omega,h}(y)dy, \] where $\bar{x}=(x,x_{n+1})$ $\in \mathbb{R}^{n+1}$ and $P:\mathbb{R}^{n}\rightarrow \mathbb{R}$ is a real-valued polynomial. The main results of the paper under review are the following: \begin{itemize} \item[(1)] Suppose that $\Omega \in \bigcup_{q>1}B_{q}^{(0,-1/\gamma )}(\mathbb{S}^{n-1})\cup L(\log L)^{1/\gamma^{\prime}}(\mathbb{S}^{n-1})$ for some $q>1$ and $1\leq \gamma \leq 2$. Assume that $\varphi $ is a convex and increasing function in $C^{2}([0,\infty))$ with $\varphi (0)=0$. Then $M_{P,\Omega,\varphi}^{(\gamma )}$ is bounded on $L^{p}(\mathbb{R}^{n+1})$ for $\gamma^{\prime}\leq p<\infty$ if $1<\gamma \leq 2$ and $L^{p}(\mathbf{R}^{n+1})$ if $\gamma =1$. \item[(2)] Assume $h\in \mathfrak{L}^{\gamma}(\mathbb{R}^{+})$ for some $1<\gamma \leq 2$ and that $\Omega \in \bigcup_{q>1}B_{q}^{(0,-1/\gamma )}(\mathbb{S}^{n-1})\cup L(\log L)^{1/\gamma^{\prime}}(\mathbb{S}^{n-1})$ for some $q>1$ and $1<\gamma \leq 2$. Assume that $\varphi $ is a convex and increasing function in $C^{2}([0,\infty))$ with $\varphi (0)=0$. Let $T_{P,\Omega,\varphi}$ be the singular integral operator given by \[ T_{P,\Omega,\varphi}(f)(\bar{x})=\text{p.v.}\int_{\mathbb{R}^{n}}e^{iP(y)}f(x-y,x_{n+1}-\varphi (\rho (y)))K_{\Omega,h}(y)dy, \] where $\bar{x}=(x,x_{n+1})$ $\in \mathbb{R}^{n+1}$ and $P:\mathbb{R}^{n}\rightarrow \mathbb{R}$ is a real-valued polynomial. Then $T_{P,\Omega,\varphi}$ is bounded on $L^{p}(\mathbb{R}^{n+1})$ for $1<p<\infty$. \end{itemize} The proof of the above results are obtained by using certain sharp $L^{p}$ estimates, extrapolation and certain interpolations. The results improve and extend many previously known results.