Laguerre-Angelesco multiple orthogonal polynomials on an \(r\)-star (Q2286226)

The authors study special multiple orthogonal polynomials: polynomials orthogonal with respect to a system of measures \(\mu_1,\ldots,\mu_r\) with \(r\geq 1\). The interest in this type of orthogonality goes back to Hermite who used them for simultaneous rational interpolation of \(r\) functions, the so-called Hermite-Padé approximation. There are two different types: I and II (in the past sometimes referred to as the \textit{Latin\/} and \textit{German\/} polynomials -- due to the notation used in the seminal paper of \textit{K. Mahler} ([Compos. Math. 19, 95--166 (1968; Zbl 0168.31303)], written during his stay at the University of Groningen in 1934/1935 and published in 1968). The paper under review goes one step further and considers an \(r\)-star: \(r\) semi-infite intervals \([0,\omega^j x), x\geq 0\) (Laguere-Angelesco) and finite intervals with length \(1\) \([0,\omega^j x],0\leq x\leq 1\) (Laguerre-Jacobi) in the complex plane. Here \(\omega=\exp{(2\pi i/r)}\). For both types of polynomials (I and II) they give: \begin{itemize} \item[-] explicit expression, \item[-] coefficients of the recurrence relations, \item[-] differential equation, \item[-] asymptotic distribution of the zeros on the diagonal. \end{itemize} For the Jacobi-Angelesco, the reader is referred to [\textit{M. Leurs} and \textit{W. Van Assche}, ``Jacobi-Angeleso multiple orthogonal polynomials on an \(r\)-star'', Construct. Approx. (2019; doi.org/10.1007/s00365-019-09457-2)]. The other results are new and given with full proofs. The layout of the paper is as follows: \begin{itemize} \item[\S1.] Introduction \item[] Definitions and notations, historical overview \item[\S2.] Jacobi-Angelesco multiple orthogonal polynomials on an \(r\)-star (2 pages) \item[\S3.] Laguerre-Angelesco multiple orthogonal polynomials on the \(r\)-star (23 pages) \end{itemize} A very nicely written paper.