Large families of homogeneous polynomials with non-unique additive decompositions (Q2292897)

Let \(F\) be a homogeneous polynomial in \(\mathbb C[x_0,\dots,x_n]_d\); the minimal value \(h\) for which we can write \(F=L_1^{d_1}+\dots+L_h^{d_h}\) is called the (Waring) rank of \(F\). For \(\mathbb P^r =\mathbb P(\mathbb C[x_0,\dots,x_n]_d)\), \(r = \frac{n+d}{ d}-1\), the space parameterizing such forms, \(\mathrm{rk} F = s\) means that \(s\) is the minimum value for which there are \(s\) distinct points on \(X_{n,d}\subset \mathbb P^r\), the \(d\)-ple Veronese embedding of \(\mathbb P^n\), such that the point parameterizing \(F\) lies in the linear space generated by those points. When such set of poins is unique (i.e. when the decomposition \(F=L_1^{d_1}+\dots+L_h^{d_h}\) is unique), we say that \(F\) is identifiable. In this paper cases where \(F\) is not identifieble are studied, in particular families of polynomials parameterized by subvarieties of \(\sigma_k(X_{n,d})\) (the \(k\)-secant variety of \(X_{n,d}\)) are determined whose elements are polynomials with a fixed number of decompositions, or with infinitely many decompositions.