On pseudo-Frobenius elements of submonoids of \(\mathbb{N}^d\) (Q2301251)

The present paper studies the pseudo-Frobenius numbers from submonoids of $\mathbb{N}^d$ making emphasis in $\mathcal{C}$-semigroups, i.e., affine semigroups where the cardinality of the complement of the semigroup in the cone spanned by itself is finite. The authors introduce the maximal projective dimension semigroups (MPD-semigroups) and prove that a semigroup $S$ is a MPD-semigroup if and only if it has almost one pseudo-Frobenius number and, in this case, the cardinality of the set of all pseudo-Frobenius numbers of $S$ is finite. They also study the gluing of this kind of semigroups and show that it is also a MPD-semigroup under some assumptions about their pseudo-Froebnius number. Another interesting result is that a $\mathcal{C}$-semigroup is irreducible if the set of pseudo-Frobenius number has a specific form. They finish the paper with a new family of semigroups: the principal ideal monoids (PI-monoids) which are of the form $a+T$ with $a\in T$ and $T$ a monoid. Some general propositions about them and a characterization are shown. This characterization allows to make a relation between PI-monoids and MPD-semigroups.