Intersection multiplicity of a sparse curve and a low-degree curve (Q2301455)

Let \(F(x,y)\) and \(G(x,y)\) be two polynomials in \(\mathbb{C}[x,y]\). Suppose that \(F\) has degree \(d\geq 1\) and \(G\) has \(t\geq 1\) monomials. Suppose that \(p = (a, b) \neq (0,0)\) is an isolated solution of system \(F(x,y)=G(x,y)=0\). Having said that, the paper introduces the following result: ``The intersection multiplicity of \(F(x,y)\) and \(G(x,y)\) at \(p\) is at most \(\frac{5}{2}d^2t^2.\)'' Recall that if \(O_p\) is the ring obtained by localizing \(\mathbb{C}[x,y]\) at the maximal ideal <\(x-a,y-b\)>, \(O_p=\{\frac{A}{B}: B(p)\neq 0\}\), then, the multiplicity of \(p\) is defined as the dimension taking the quotient \(\dim_{\mathbb{C}}\) \(O_p/\)<\(F,G\)>\(O_p\). There are many classical results in terms of the degrees of the polynomials which involves algebraic multiplicities. Bézout's theorem is likely to be the best known. However, the result of this work is of a mixed form because it involves monomials and degrees. The proof of the theorem uses the properties of Wronskian determinants and Puiseux series. It is worth reading carefully to appreciate the power and beauty of the Puiseux series.