Open WDVV equations and Virasoro constraints (Q2302258)

The WDVV equations, also called associativity equations, are a system of nonlinear partial differential equations for one function, depending on a finite number of variables. In their fundamental work, \textit{B. Dubrovin} and \textit{Y. Zhang} [Sel. Math., New Ser. 5, No. 4, 423--466 (1999; Zbl 0963.81066)], generalizing the Virasoro equations for the genus \(0\) Gromov-Witten invariants, proved the Virasoro equations for a descendent potential in genus-0 of an arbitrary conformal Frobenius manifold. More recently, a remarkable system of partial differential equations extending the WDVV equations, called open WDVV equations, appeared in [\textit{A. Horev} and \textit{J. P. Solomon}, The open Gromov-Witten-Welschinger theory of blowups of the projective plane, Preprint, \url{arXiv:1210.4034}] in the context of open Gromov-Witten theory, and in the works [\textit{R. Pandharipande} et al., Intersection theory on moduli of disks, open KdV and Virasoro, Preprint, \url{arXiv:1409.2191}; \textit{A. Buryak} et al., J. Geom. Phys. 137, 132--153 (2019; Zbl 1415.37091)]. This extended system controls the genus \(0\) open Gromov-Witten invariants. In the present paper, for an arbitrary solution of the open WDVV equations satisfying a certain homogeneity condition, the authors construct a descendent potential in genus-0 and prove an open analogue of the Virasoro equations. They also present conjectural open Virasoro equations in all genera and discuss some examples. This paper is organized as follows. Section 1 is an introduction to the subject. Section 2 deals with Virasoro constraints for Frobenius manifolds. In this section the authors review the construction of a descendent potential associated to a solution of the WDVV equations and recall the Virasoro constraints. Section 3 deals with open Virasoro constraints. Here the authors present their construction of an open descendent potential associated to a solution of the open WDVV equations and present the main result (the open Virasoro constraints). Section 4 concerns Virasoro-type constraints for flat F-manifolds. In this section the authors recall the definition of a flat F-manifold and show how such an object can be associated to a solution of the open WDVV equations. They present a construction of descendent vector potentials, corresponding to a flat F-manifold, and prove Virasoro type constraints for them. The open Virasoro constraints are derived as a corollary of this result. Section 5 deals with open Virasoro constraints in all genera. Finally, in Section 6 the authors present examples of solutions of the open WDVV equations, for which their main result can be applied.