Self-dual Leonard pairs (Q2302606)

Let \(V\) be a finite dimensional vector space over a field \(\mathbb F\). Consider a pair \(A\), \(A^*\) of diagonalizable \(\mathbb F\)-linear maps on \(V\), each of which acts on an eigenbasis for the other one in an irreducible tridiagonal fashion. Such a pair is called a Leonard pair according to \textit{P. Terwilliger} [Linear Algebra Appl. 330, No. 1--3, 149--203 (2001; Zbl 0980.05054)]. The authors consider the self-dual case, for which there exists an automorphism of \(\mbox{End}\, V\), the algebra of endomorphisms of \(V\), which swaps \(A\) and \(A^*\). Such an automorphism is unique and called duality, \(A \leftrightarrow A^*\). The authors give a comprehensive description of this duality. In particular, they display an invertible \(T \in \mbox{End}\, V\) such that the map \(X\mapsto TXT^{-1}\) is the duality \(A \leftrightarrow A^*\) and express \(T\) as a polynomial in \(A\) and \(A^*\). They also describe how \(T\) acts on 4 flags, 12 decompositions, and 24 bases for \(V\).