Sato Grassmannian and degenerate sigma function (Q2304955)

The aim of this paper is to study the degeneration of the sigma function when a hyperelliptic curve of genus \(g\) degenerates to a curve of genus \(g-1\) with a double point. To this end the authors study the degenerations of tau functions of the Kadomtsev-Petviashvili (KP)-hierarchy. By using the Sato theory on the KP-hierarchy [\textit{M. Sato} and \textit{Y. Sato}, Math. Stud. 81, 259--271 (1983; Zbl 0528.58020)] the problem on tau functions reduces to a more easy problem on the frames of the Sato Grassmannian. In this way the authors first derive the formula of the degenerate tau function. Since the tau functions are expressed by the sigma functions, the formula for the degenerate sigma function follows from that for the tau function. A simple decomposition of a rational function gives a decomposition of Plücker coordinates of a frame of the Sato Grassmannian. As mentioned above, it then gives a decomposition of the tau function corresponding to the degeneration of a hyperelliptic curve of genus \(g\) in terms of the tau functions corresponding to a hyperelliptic curve of genus \(g-1\). Since the tau functions are described by sigma functions, the authors get the corresponding formula for the degenerate hyperelliptic sigma function. This paper is organized as follows: section 1 is an introduction to the subject. In section 2, the authors recall the definition of the Sato Grassmannian, which they denote by UGM, and the correspondence between solutions (tau functions) of the KP-hierarchy and points of UGM. In section 3, the authors describe frames of UGM corresponding to some spaces of functions on hyperelliptic curves. Using them they derive the expression of the degenerate limit of a tau function of a hyperelliptic curve of genus \(g\) in terms of tau functions of a hyperelliptic curve of genus \(g-1\). Section 4 deals with tau function in terms of sigma function. By substituting the sigma function formulas of tau functions to the relation derived in section 3, the formula for the degenerate sigma function of genus \(g\) in terms of the sigma function of genus \(g-1\) is derived in section 5. In Section 6, the authors show that the formula of [Glasg. Math. J. 61, No. 1, 169--193 (2019; Zbl 1439.14097)] for the degenerate sigma function of genus two can be derived by the method proposed in this paper.