Smooth norms in dense subspaces of Banach spaces (Q2306223)

There are many classical results showing that the existence of different types of smooth equivalent norms has deep geometrical consequences on a Banach space \(X\). For instance, a \(C^1\)-smooth renorming forces the space \(X\) to be Asplund, a \(C^2\)-smooth renorming implies that \(X\) either contains \(c_0\) or is superreflexive and, finally, a \(C^\infty\)-smooth renorming forces \(X\) to contain a copy of \(c_0\) or of \(\ell_p\) for an even integer \(p\); see [\textit{R. Deville} et al., Smoothness and renormings in Banach spaces. Harlow: Longman Scientific \& Technical; New York: John Wiley \& Sons, Inc. (1993; Zbl 0782.46019)] or [\textit{M. Fabian} et al., Banach space theory. The basis for linear and nonlinear analysis. Berlin: Springer (2011; Zbl 1229.46001)] for background. On the other hand, it is known that every separable Banach space contains a dense linear subspace admitting an equivalent \(C^\infty\)-smooth norm [\textit{J. Vanderwerff}, Arch. Math. 58, No. 5, 471--476 (1992; Zbl 0815.46013); \textit{P. Hájek}, Proc. Am. Math. Soc. 123, No. 12, 3817--3821 (1995; Zbl 0853.46010)]. The aim of the present paper is to discuss possible extensions of this latter result. The main results are the following ones: \begin{itemize} \item[--] The space \(\ell_\infty\) admits a dense subspace with an analytic renorming. As a consequence, \(\ell_1(\mathfrak{c})\) and every separable Banach space admit dense subspaces with analytic renormings. \item[--] No dense subspace of \(c_0(\omega_1)\) admits an equivalent analytic norm. \item[--] Every Banach space with a long unconditional Schauder basis contains a dense subspace that admits a \(C^\infty\)-smooth norm (this solves an open problem posed in [\textit{A. J. Guirao} et al., Open problems in the geometry and analysis of Banach spaces. Cham: Springer (2016; Zbl 1351.46001)]). \item[--] There is a proper dense subspace of the space \(\ell_\infty^c( \omega_1)\) (the Banach space of real-valued, bounded, and countably supported functions on \(\omega_1\)) which admits no Gâteaux smooth norm. \end{itemize}