New family of abelian integrals satisfying Chebyshev property (Q2306682)

This paper is devoted to derive condtions of when a set of abelian integrals forms an ECT-system. The authors provide a very interesting sufficient condition, which requires the asymptotic expansion of each of the abelian integrals and its radius of convergence. Namely, assume a set of abelian integrals \((I_0(h), I_1(h), \ldots, I_n(h))\) defined on the interval \((0,h_s)\) and with asymptotic behavior near \(h=0\) as follows \[ I_k(h) \, = \, \sum_{i=1}^{\infty} a_{k,i} h^i, \] where \(a_{k,i}\) are the coefficients and these expansions are convergent on the interval \((0,h_s)\). If for each \(k=0,1,2,\ldots,n\), the \((k+1) \times (k+1)\) determinant \[ W_k(i_0,i_1,\ldots,i_k) \, = \, \det \left( \begin{array}{cccc} a_{0,i_0} & a_{1,i_0} & \cdots & a_{k,i_0} \\ a_{0,i_1} & a_{1,i_1} & \cdots & a_{k,i_1} \\ \vdots & \vdots & \ddots & \vdots \\ a_{0,i_k} & a_{1,i_k} & \cdots & a_{k,i_k} \end{array} \right) \] has the same sign for all \(i_0<i_1<\cdots<i_k\), then the ordered set of abelian integrals \((I_0(h), I_1(h), \ldots, I_n(h))\) forms an ECT-system. \par Note that this criterion involves an infinite set of determinants but only sign needs to be checked. The authors apply this result to a system whose first integral is \[ H(x,y) \, = \, y^2 + x^2e^{-2x}, \] then to a system whose first integral is \[ H(x,y) \, = \, y^2 + x^2(1+x)^{-2\alpha} \qquad \alpha \in (-\infty, 0) \cup [1,+\infty), \] and a system with first integral \[ H(x,y) \, = \, y^2 + e^{-2x} + 1 -2e^{-x}. \] In the three examples, they consider the abelian integrals \[ I_k(h) \, = \, \oint_{\Gamma_h} x^k y\, dx, \] where \(k=0,1,2,\ldots,n\) and \(\Gamma_h = \{(x,y) : H(x,y)=h \}\). They take this form for the first integral and the abelian integrals in order to make it easy to find the asymptotic expansions.