Character inner amenability for semigroups (Q2308097)

The authors introduce and study the concept of character inner amenability for semigroups. Suppose \(S\) is a topological semigroup and \(\varphi \colon S \to \mathbb{T}\) is a continuous homomorphism. An inner \(\varphi\)-mean \(m\in \ell^\infty (S)^*\) is a functional such that (i) \(m (\varphi )=1\), and (ii) \(m(s\cdot f)=m(f\cdot s)\) for all \(f\in \ell^\infty (S)\) and all \(s\in S\) such that \(\varphi (s)=1\). The semigroup \(S\) is called \(\varphi\)-inner amenable if there exists an inner \(\varphi\)-mean, and \(S\) is called character inner amenable if it is \(\varphi\)-inner amenable for every \(\varphi\). Proposition 2.2 gives a characterization of \(\varphi\)-inner amenability. Some hereditary properties of this type of amenability are given in Theorem 2.4, Proposition 2.5 and Theorem 2.8. Theorems 2.9 and Theorem 2.10 give a characterization of \(\varphi\)-inner means inside \(\beta S\). Several examples of character inner amenable semigroups are discussed. Examples 3.5--3.8 deal with character inner amenable semigroups which are not amenable.