The structure theory of nilspaces. III: Inverse limit representations and topological dynamics (Q2308312)

The present paper is the third and last one in a series of papers [\textit{Y. Gutman} et al., J. Anal. Math. 140, No. 1, 299--369 (2020; Zbl 1442.37020); Trans. Am. Math. Soc. 371, No. 7, 4951--4992 (2019; Zbl 1440.37017)] devoted to the structure theory of cubespaces and nilspaces. The following are the main results of this exposition. Theorem 1. Let the minimal system \((H,X)\) be such that \(H\) has a dense subgroup generated by a compact set. Then \(RP_H^s(X)\) is a closed \(H\)-invariant equivalence relation, and \((H,X/RP_H^s(X))\) is the maximal pronilfactor of \((H,X)\) of degree at most \(s\). Theorem 2. Let \(X\) be a compact ergodic Lie-fibered strongly connected nilspace of degree \(s\); and \(x_0\in X\) be fixed. Then, \(G=\mathrm{Aut}_1^\circ(X)\) is a Lie group which admits a filtration \(G_*:G=G_0=\mathrm{Aut}_1^\circ(X)\supseteq\mathrm{Aut}_2^\circ(X)\supseteq\dots\supseteq\mathrm{Aut}_{s+1}^\circ(X)=\{1\}\) of degree \(s\) and a discrete group \(\Gamma=\mathrm{Stab}(x_0)\subseteq G\) compatible with the filtration, such that the map \(G/\Gamma \to X\) given as \(f\cdot \Gamma \mapsto f(x_0)\) is an isomorphism of cubespaces between \(HK(G_*)/\Gamma\) and \(X\). Theorem 3. Let \(X\) be a compact ergodic nilspace. There exists then a sequence of compact ergodic Lie-fibered nilspaces \((X_n)\) and an inverse system of fibrations \((\varphi_{m,n}:X_n\to X_m)_{m< n}\) such that \(X=\lim_{\leftarrow} X_n\). Further aspects related to the above results are also discussed.