Lozenge tilings of hexagons with central holes and dents (Q2309231)

Summary: \textit{M. Ciucu} [Adv. Math. 306, 427--450 (2017; Zbl 1356.52007)] proved a simple product formula for the tiling number of a hexagon in which a chain of equilateral triangles of alternating orientations, called a ``fern'', has been removed from the center. In this paper, we present a multi-parameter generalization of this work by giving an explicit tiling enumeration for a hexagon with three ferns removed, besides the central fern as in Ciucu's region, we remove two new ferns from two sides of the hexagon. Our result also implies a new ``dual'' of MacMahon's classical formula of boxed plane partitions, corresponding to the exterior of the union of three disjoint concave polygons obtained by turning 120 degrees after drawing each side.