Residues formulas for the push-forward in \(K\)-theory, the case of \(\mathbf{G}_2/P\) (Q2313411)

Consider the complex homogeneous space \(G_2/P\) that can be described as a quotient of the exceptional group \(G_2\) by the standard parabolic subgroup \(P\) which has among its roots the negative of the shorter simple root of \(G_2\), but not the negative of the longer simple root. Denote by \(\mathbb T\) a suitable maximal torus of \(G_2\) and by \(R(\mathbb T)\) its representation ring. The main result of this paper is an explicit description of the pushforward in \(\mathbb T\)-equivariant (complex topological, or equivalently algebraic) \(K\)-theory along the projection to a point: \[ K^{\mathbb T}(G_2/P) \to K^{\mathbb T}(*) = R(\mathbb T) \] Given an equivariant vector bundle \(E_\rho\) over \(G_2/P\) arising from a representation \(\rho\) of \(P\), the pushforward of \(E_\rho\) is described as a residue of a differential form expressed in terms of the Laurent polynomial encoding the characters of \(\rho\). There is a rich history of such residue formulas in cohomology and \(K\)-theory for homogeneous spaces, for which many references are given. Usual type A Grassmannians are discussed in detail, and two proofs of a known residue formula for these are presented: one proof that relies on a \(K\)-theoretic Atiyah-Bott-Berline-Vergne localization formula, and one proof using symplectic reduction, building on results of \textit{L. C. Jeffrey} and \textit{F. C. Kirwan} [Topology 34, No. 2, 291--327 (1995; Zbl 0833.55009)] and \textit{M. Harada} and \textit{G. Landweber} [``The K-theory of abelian versus nonabelian symplectic quotients'', Preprint, \url{arXiv:math/0601294}]. The residue formula for \(G_2/P\) is obtained from the formula for Grassmannians by studying an embedding of \(G_2/P\) into the Grassmannian of planes in \(\mathbb{C}^7\). Several related results are discussed along the way and in a separate final section, e.g.\ residue formulas for homogeneous spaces under symplectic and orthogonal groups, or for the complete flag \(G_2/B\).