On integral bounded variation (Q2314601)

The notion of \(q\)-integral \(p\)-variation, being an integral counterpart of Wiener's \(p\)-variation, has been introduced by \textit{A. P. Terehin} [Math. USSR, Sb. 17, 279--288 (1973; Zbl 0262.26011); translation from Mat. Sb., n. Ser. 88(130), 277--286 (1972)]. Let \(p,q\ge1\), \(x: I\to\mathbb R\) (\(I\) a segment) be a Lebesgue integrable function, and \([a,b]\subset I\). Set \[ \omega_q(x;a,b)=\sup_{0<h<b-a}\left(\int_a^{b-h}|x(t+h)-x(t)|^q\,dt\right)^{\!1/q} \] and \[ \text{ivar}^q_p(x;a,b)=\sup{\left(\sum_{i=1}^N(\omega_q(x;t_{i-1},t_i))^p\right)^{1/p}}, \] where the sup ranges over all partitions \(a=t_0<t_1<\dots<t_N=b\) of \([a,b]\). The value \(\text{ivar}^q_p(x;a,b)\) is the \textit{\(q\)-integral \(p\)-variation of \(x\) over \([a,b]\)}. Whenever \(\text{ivar}^q_p(x;a,b)<\infty\), we write \(x\in\text{IBV}_p^q([a,b])\). It is known that \(\text{IBV}_p^q([a,b])\subset\text{L}^q([a,b])\). Terekhin's original paper, as well as his subsequent works on the topic, contain little details as for exposition of this concept and are rather focused on applications. The article under review fills this gap, offering a more extensive introduction to the class \(\text{IBV}_p^q([a,b])\). Basic, but useful, examples and a couple of important estimates concerning \(\text{ivar}^q_p(x;a,b)\) as a function of \([a,b]\subset I\), are provided. The second part (Sections three to six) is devoted to some applications of \(\text{IBV}_p^q\). \S\,3 (and also \S\,5--6, where some particular cases are discussed) concerns the operator \[ \text{L}^q([0,1])\ni x\mapsto(Kx)(t)=\int_0^1k(t,s)\ x(s)\,ds, \] represented by a kernel function \(k:[0,1]^2\to\mathbb R\). Two sets of conditions, imposed on sections of \(k\), to guarantee that \(Kx\in\text{IBV}_p^q([0,1])\) for all \(x\in\text{L}^q([0,1])\), are described in Theorems 1 (horizontal sections) and 2 (vertical sections) of \S\,3. In \S\,4, superposition operators \(x\mapsto f\circ x\), represented by functions \(f:\mathbb R\to\mathbb R\), that map \(\text{IBV}_p^q([a,b])\) into itself, are characterised with the local Lipschitz property of \(f\).