Auslander-Reiten theory in quasi-abelian and Krull-Schmidt categories (Q2318379)

A \textit{pre-abelian category} is an additive category such that every morphism admits a kernel and a cokernel. A pre-abelian category is \textit{quasi-abelian} if cokernels (respectively, kernels) are closed under pullback (respectively, pushout). By defining irreducible morphisms for quasi-abelian categories in the same way as for abelian categories [\textit{M. Auslander} and \textit{I. Reiten}, Commun. Algebra 5, 443--518 (1977; Zbl 0396.16007)], many of the properties carry over from the abelian setting. The flavour of the proofs carries too, however some adjustments are necessary since generally, in a quasi-abelian category, not every monomorphism (respectively, epimorphism) is a kernel (respectively, cokernel). One property that changes in the quasi-abelian setting is that an irreducible morphism may be both monic and epic simultaneously, the author exhibits this fact and the other theory developed in an example arising from cluster theory (see \S 5). We note that some of the intermediate results are sometimes proved in more general structures like semi-abelian, pre-abelian or idempotent complete categories. Auslander-Reiten theory for Hom-finite Krull-Schmidt categories has been studied by Liu [\textit{S. Liu}, Sao Paulo J. Math. Sci. 4, No. 3, 425--472 (2010; Zbl 1243.18024)] and here the author shows that the Hom-finite condition of the preceding may be dropped. As a consequence there are neat characterisations of Auslander-Reiten sequences in the combined setting: (See Theorem 4.19) In a skeletally small, quasi-abelian Krull-Schmidt category, for any short exact sequence \[ \begin{tikzcd}[cramped] X \arrow[r, "f"] & Y \arrow[r, "g"] & Z \end{tikzcd} \] we have that \(f\) is minimal left almost split if and only if \(f\) is left almost split and \(Z\) has local endomorphism ring if and only if both \(f\) and \(g\) are irreducible. The dual statements also hold. This mirrors the abelian setting but without indecomposabilty assumptions of \(X\) and \(Z\) in the final criterion.