Open book embeddings of closed non-orientable \(3\)-manifolds (Q2323920)

An open book decomposition of \(M\) is a pair \((B, \pi)\), where \(B\) is a codimension 2 submanifold with a trivial normal bundle \(B \times D^2\) in \(M\) and \(\pi : M \setminus B \to S^{1}\) is a locally trivial fibration whose restriction on the trivial normal bundle is \(B \times (D^{2} \setminus \{ 0 \}) \to S^{1}\) sending \((x,r,\theta) \to \theta\). \textit{I. Berstein} and \textit{A. L. Edmonds} [Trans. Am. Math. Soc. 247, 87--123 (1979; Zbl 0359.55001)] showed that every closed non-orientable \(3\)-manifold admits an open book decomposition. Let \(M^{k}\) and \(N^{l}\) be manifolds with open book decompositions \((B_{1},\pi_{1})\), \((B_{2},\pi_{2})\) respectively. An embedding \(f : M \to N\) is an open book embedding if \(f(B_{1})=B_{2}\) and \(\pi_{2} \circ f = id_{S^{1}} \circ \pi_{1}\). In the paper under review, it is shown that (Theorem 3.9) every closed non-orientable \(3\)-manifold with given open book decomposition open book embeds in \(S^{2} \times S^{3}\) with standard open book, (Theorems 4.1 and 4.3) a large class of closed non-orientable \(3\)-manifolds open book embed into \(S^{5}\) with the trivial open book, and (Theorem 5.1) if a closed non-orientable \(3\)-manifold \(M\) open book embeds in the trivial open book of \(S^{5}\), then the orientation double cover of \(M\) also open embeds in \(S^{5}\). Furthermore, they give another proof of the result of \textit{V. A. Rokhlin} [Sov. Math., Dokl. 6, 153--156 (1965; Zbl 0132.20101); translation from Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR 160, 549--551 (1965)] and \textit{C. T. C. Wall} [Bull. Am. Math. Soc. 71, 564--567 (1965; Zbl 0135.41603)], which states that every closed non-orientable \(3\)-manifolds smoothly embeds in \(S^{5}\).