A quantum splitting principle and an application (Q2326267)

The paper under review concerns genus zero Gromov-Witten invariants of projective bundles. These invariants appear naturally in the investigation of virtual pushforward properties of virtual classes under blow ups. Let \(X\) be a smooth projective variety over \(\mathbb{C}\), and \(Z\) a smooth closed subvariety with normal bundle \(N\). Denote \(\widetilde{X}\) the blowup of \(X\) along \(Z\) and projection \(\pi\colon \widetilde{X} \to X\). The induced map between moduli spaces of stable maps \[ \tau\colon \overline{\mathcal{M}}_{g,n}(\widetilde{X}, \beta) \to \overline{\mathcal{M}}_{g,n}(X, \pi_*\beta) \] is virtually smooth provided \(g=0\) and \(N\) is convex, in which case it is expected that the virtual classes of these moduli spaces are related by pushfoward, \[\tau_*[\overline{\mathcal{M}}_{0,n}(\widetilde{X}, \beta)]^\mathrm{vir} =[\overline{\mathcal{M}}_{0,n}(X, \pi_*\beta)]^\mathrm{vir}.\tag{1} \] (Here \(\beta\) should satisfy \(\beta=\pi^!(\pi_*\beta\)).) Using the degeneration formula, equation (1) (in homology) would follow from the local case when \(X=\mathbb{P}_Z(N\oplus{O})\) and \(Z\) is embedded in \(X\) as the zero section of \(N\), and can be proved under certain assumptions on the support of the intrinsic normal cone of \(\overline{\mathcal{M}}_{0,n}(\widetilde{X}, \beta)\). The aformentioned results are proved in [\textit{H.-H. Lai}, Geom. Topol. 13, No. 1, 1--48 (2009; Zbl 1159.14030) ]. In the present paper, the local case is pursued further with the additional machinery of virtual localization. Note that there is a natural fiberwise \(\mathbb{C}^*\) action on \(N\) fixing \(Z\). This action extends to \(X=\mathbb{P}_Z(N\oplus{O})\) and \(\widetilde{X}\), and \(\pi\colon \widetilde{X} \to X\) is equivariant. Assuming \(N\) is globally generated, the author established the equivariant version, \[ \tau_*[\overline{\mathcal{M}}_{0,n}(\widetilde{X}, \beta)]^\mathrm{vir,eq} =[\overline{\mathcal{M}}_{0,n}(X, \pi_*\beta)]^\mathrm{vir,eq}. \] Using correspondence of residues, the equation above follows from comparing residues over the exceptional divisor \(\mathbb{P}(N)\) of \(\widetilde{X}\) and that over \(Z\). This is achieved by proving that when \(N\) is globally generated, \[ \tau_*[\tau^{-1}(\mathcal{U)}]^\mathrm{vir,eq} =[\mathcal{U}]^\mathrm{vir.eq} \] over some open substack \(\mathcal{U} \subset \overline{\mathcal{M}}_{0,n}(X, \pi_*\beta)\) that is enough to control residues over \(Z\), and this equation is proved by reduction using virtual pullbacks to the convex case in which \(X\) is furthermore homogeneous. Relations between residues over the exceptional divisor \(\mathbb{P}(N)\) of \(\widetilde{X}\) and that over \(Z\) relate (twisted) Gromov-Witten invariants of \(\mathbb{P}(N)\) and \(Z\), and the author showed that \[ <\pi^*\sigma_1, \dots, \pi^*\sigma_n>_{0,n, \beta}^{\mathbb{P}(N), \mathcal{O}(-1)} = <\sigma_1, \dots ,\sigma_n>_{0,n, \pi_*\beta}^{X,V}, \] equating primary twisted Gromov-Witten invariants of \(X\) by \(V\) with those of \(\mathbb{P}(N)\) twisted by \(\mathcal{O}(-1)\). As an application, for genus zero, the author generalizes his previous result that Gromov-Witten invariants of a projective bundle \(P_X(N)\) are algorithmically determined by Chern classes \(c(V)\) and Gromov-Witten invariants of \(X\) to the case of fibrations with projective space fibers.