A note on the zeros of the zeta-function of Riemann (Q2328644)

The Hardy function is defined as \[ Z(t):= \zeta\left(\tfrac12 + it\right)\left(\chi\left(\tfrac12 + it\right)\right)^{-1/2}, \text{ with } \chi(s) = \frac{\Gamma\left(\tfrac12 (1-s)\right)}{\Gamma(\tfrac12 s)}\pi^{s-1/2} \] If \(\gamma\) \((> 0)\) denotes generic ordinates of non-trivial zeta-zeros, \(N(T): = \displaystyle\sum_{0<\gamma \leq T}1\) counts the number of \(\gamma\)'s not exceeding \(T\) (multiplicities included). The main result of this paper establishes a connection between \(Z(t)\) and \(N(t)\). Theorem. If \(t\) is not the ordinate of any zeta-zero \(\beta_n + i\gamma_n\), then \[ Z(t) = (-1)^{N(t) + 1} \vert \zeta\left(\tfrac12 + it\right)\vert \quad (t > 0). \]