On the multiplicities of zeros of \(\zeta(s)\) and its values over short intervals (Q1686160)

In this paper, the multiplicities of zeros of the Riemann zeta-function \(\zeta(s)\), \(s=\sigma+it\), and its bounds over short intervals are studied. Denote by \(r=m(\varrho)\) the multiplicity of the complex zero \(\varrho=\beta+i\gamma\) of the function \(\zeta(s)\). The problem of the bound for \(m(\varrho)\) in short intervals is reduced to the evaluation of the moments of \(\zeta(s)\), i.e., to the evaluation of integrals of the form \[ \int_{\delta}^{2\delta}|\zeta(\beta+i\gamma+i\alpha)|^k d\alpha \] with \(0<\delta<\frac{1}{4}\), fixed \(k\in {\mathbb{N}}\) and \(\beta\geq \frac{1}{2}\), \(\gamma \geq \gamma_0>0\), and parameter \(\alpha\), \(0<\alpha \leq 1\) (note that such interval of integration is called ``very short''). It is obtained an upper bound for the multiplicity \(m(\beta+i\gamma)\): for \(0<\delta<\frac{1}{8}\), it holds \[ m(\beta+i\gamma) \leq \frac{1}{\log\big(\frac{1}{8\delta}\big)}\bigg(\log \gamma -\frac{1}{k}\log l+O(1)\bigg)+O(1), \] where \(l\) is lower bound for above given integral. An explicit form for \(m(\beta+i\gamma)\) with \(\frac{5}{6}\leq \beta <1\) is obtained. Also, the Karatsuba conjecture involving the quantity \(F(T,\Delta):=\max\limits_{t \in [T,T+\Delta]}|\zeta(1/2+it)|\), \(0<\Delta \leq 1\), which is closely related to the given integral (when \(\beta=\frac{1}{2}\), \(k=1\)) is considered.