DAHA and skein algebra of surfaces: double-torus knots (Q2329429)

Double affine Hecke algebras (DAHAs) were introduced by \textit{I. Cherednik} [Ann. Math. (2) 141, No. 1, 191--216 (1995; Zbl 0822.33008)]. They attract many researchers in mathematical physics, representation theory, and quantum topology. See also [\textit{I. Cherednik}, Double affine Hecke algebras. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press (2005; Zbl 1087.20003)]. For a three-manifold \(M\), the Kauffman bracket skein module \({\operatorname{KBS}}_A(M)\) is a module over \(\mathbb{C}[A,A^{-1}]\) generated by formal linear combinations of unoriented framed links in \(M\) modulo the Kauffman bracket skein relations [\textit{J. H. Przytycki}, Bull. Pol. Acad. Sci., Math. 39, No. 1--2, 91--100 (1991; Zbl 0762.57013)]. Note that for the three-sphere \(S^3\), \({\operatorname{KBS}}_A(S^3)\cong\mathbb{C}[A,A^{-1}]\), where a framed link \(L\subset S^3\) is identified with its Kauffman bracket \(\langle L\rangle\) [\textit{L. H. Kauffman}, Topology 26, 395--407 (1987; Zbl 0622.57004)]. For a surface \(\Sigma\), we use \({\operatorname{KBS}}_A(\Sigma)\) instead of \({\operatorname{KBS}}_A(\Sigma\times[0,1])\). This becomes an algebra where the multiplication of two elements is given by putting the first one over the second. In the paper under review, the author studies relations between \(\operatorname{KBS}_A(\Sigma)\) and DAHAs. For non-positive integers \(g\) and \(h\), let \(\Sigma_{g,h}\) be an oriented, connected, compact surface with genus \(g\) and with \(h\) boundary components. The author constructs an algebra embedding of \(\operatorname{KBS}_A(\Sigma_{1,1})\) (\(\operatorname{KBS}_A(\Sigma_{0,4})\), respectively) into the DAHA of type \(A_1\) (\(C^{\vee}C_1\), respectively). Note that the structures of \(\operatorname{KBS}_A(\Sigma_{1,1})\) and \(\operatorname{KBS}_A(\Sigma_{0,4})\) were studied in [\textit{D. Bullock} and \textit{J. H. Przytycki}, Proc. Am. Math. Soc. 128, No. 3, 923--931 (2000; Zbl 0971.57021)]. Under these representations, a Dehn twist (twist along a simple closed curve) on a surface is identified with an \(\mathrm{SL}(2;\mathbb{Z})\) action on DAHAs. Using actions of DAHAs on Laurent polynomial rings, DAHA polynomials of simple closed curves on \(\Sigma_{1,1}\) and \(\Sigma_{0,4}\) are constructed. Since a torus knot can be regarded as a simple closed curve in \(\Sigma_{1,1}\), one can define a DAHA polynomial for a torus knot, which is expected to coincide with the colored Jones polynomial. See [\textit{I. Cherednik}, Sel. Math., New Ser. 22, No. 2, 1013--1053 (2016; Zbl 1360.14076); Int. Math. Res. Not. 2013, No. 23, 5366--5425 (2013; Zbl 1329.57019)] for an algebraic construction of DAHA polynomials for torus knots. A double-torus knot is a knot in \(\Sigma_{2,0}\) that is standardly embedded in \(S^3\). Such knots are studied in, for example, [\textit{P. Hill}, J. Knot Theory Ramifications 8, No. 8, 1009--1048 (1999; Zbl 0991.57010)]; \textit{P. Hill} and \textit{K. Murasugi}, ibid. 9, No. 5, 617--667 (2000; Zbl 0991.57011)]. Torus knots and two-bridge knots (knots having two maxima in \(\mathbb{R}^3\cong S^3\setminus\{\text{point}\}\)) are examples of double-torus knots. By using the representations above, the author proposes a DAHA polynomial for double-torus knots and mentions its relation to the colored Jones polynomial.