CPT and Lorentz violation in the photon and \(Z\)-boson sector (Q2333439)

Summary: Violation of CPT and Lorentz symmetry in the photon sector is described within the minimal Standard-Model Extension by a dimension-3 Chern-Simons-like operator parametrized by a four-vector parameter \(k_{A F}\) that has been very tightly bounded by astrophysical observations. On the other hand, in the context of the \(\mathrm{SU}(2) \times\mathrm{U}(1)\) electroweak gauge sector of the Standard-Model Extension, CPT and Lorentz violation is described similarly, by dimension-3 operators parametrized by four-vector parameters \(k_1\) and \(k_2\). In this work, we investigate in detail the effects of the resulting CPT and Lorentz violation in the photon and \(Z\)-boson sectors upon electroweak-symmetry breaking. In particular, we show that, for the photon sector, the relevant Lorentz-violating effects are described at the lowest order by the \(k_{A F}\) term, but that there are higher-order momentum-dependent effects due to photon-\(Z\) boson mixing. As bounds on CPT and Lorentz violation in the \(Z\) sector are relatively weak, these effects could be important phenomenologically. We investigate these effects in detail in this work.