The universal bound property for a class of second order ODEs (Q2335814)

The authors consider the following nonlinear scalar differential equation of second order: \[ u^{\prime\prime}+|u^{\prime}|^{\alpha}u^{\prime}+|u|^{\beta}u=0,\] where \(\alpha,\beta\) are two positive real numbers with \(0<\alpha<\beta\). In this paper, three theorems are proved on the universal boundedness properties of the solutions of equation (1), which include sufficient conditions. The main tool to prove the theorems therein is the following energy (Lyapunov) function: \(E(t)=\frac{1}{2}(u^{\prime}(t))^{2}+\frac{1}{\beta+2}|u(t)|^{\beta+2}.\) The time derivative of this energy function along equation (1) is given by: \(\frac{d}{dt}E(t)=-|u^{\prime}(t)|^{\alpha+2}\leq0\). By the given theorems, the following bounds for the energy function \(E(t)\) are obtained, hence solutions and their derivatives, respectively: \(E(t)\leq Ct^{-2/\alpha}\) \,\,\(\forall t\leq1\), \(C\in\mathbb{R}\); \(E(t)\leq Ct^{-(\alpha+1)(\beta+2)/(\beta-\alpha)}\)\,\, \(\forall t\leq1\), \(C\in\mathbb{R}\); \(E(t)\leq C\max\{t^{-2/\alpha}, t^{-(\alpha+1)(\beta+2)/(\beta-\alpha)}\,\, \forall t>0, C\in\mathbb{R}\}\). It is an interesting paper. No example is given to illustrate the obtained results.