Optimal embeddings into Lorentz spaces for some vector differential operators via Gagliardo's lemma (Q2335816)

Summary: We prove a family of Sobolev inequalities of the form \[\Vert u \Vert_{L^{\frac{n}{n-1}, 1} (\mathbb{R}^n,V)} \le C \Vert A (D) u \Vert_{L^1 (\mathbb{R}^n,E)}\] where \(A (D) : C^\infty_c (\mathbb{R}^n, V) \to C^\infty_c (\mathbb{R}^n, E)\) is a vector first-order homogeneous linear differential operator with constant coefficients, \(u\) is a vector field on \(\mathbb{R}^n\) and \(L^{\frac{n}{n - 1}, 1} (\mathbb{R}^n)\) is a Lorentz space. These new inequalities imply in particular the extension of the classical Gagliardo-Nirenberg inequality to Lorentz spaces originally due to \textit{A. Alvino} [Boll. Unione Mat. Ital., V. Ser., A 14, 148--156 (1977; Zbl 0352.46020)] and a sharpening of an inequality in terms of the deformation operator by \textit{M. J. Strauss} [in: Partial diff. Equ., Berkeley 1971, Proc. Sympos. Pure Math. 23, 207--214 (1973; Zbl 0259.35008)] (Korn-Sobolev inequality) on the Lorentz scale. The proof relies on a nonorthogonal application of the Loomis-Whitney inequality and Gagliardo's lemma. .