Perturbations of globally hypoelliptic operators on closed manifolds (Q2335830)

The authors obtain necessary and sufficient conditions to the global hypoellipticity (GH) of a certain operator on a closed manifold. (GH) is related to the behavior, at infinity, of the sequences of eigenvalues given by the matrix symbol of an invariant operator. Then they present a class of perturbations on the torus, invariant to Laplacian, and they obtain new results regarding perturbations of constant vector fields. As a special situation, some results of \textit{A. P. Bergamasco} [J. Differ. Equations 114, No. 2, 513--526 (1994; Zbl 0815.35009)] are recovered and extended to a wider class of perturbations. Finally, some examples of low order perturbations that destroy the global hypoellipticity -- in the presence of a diophantine phenomena -- are constructed.