Validity of the KdV equation for the modulation of periodic traveling waves in the NLS equation (Q2338735)

\textit{F. Béthuel} et al. [Int. Math. Res. Not. 2009, No. 14, 2700--2748 (2009; Zbl 1183.35240), Commun. Partial Differ. Equations 35, No. 1, 113--164 (2010; Zbl 1213.35367)] and \textit{D. Chiron} and \textit{F. Rousset} [SIAM J. Math. Anal. 42, No. 1, 64--96 (2010; Zbl 1210.35229)] gave very nice proofs of the fact that slow modulations in time and space of periodic wave trains of the nonlinear Schrödinger equation equation can approximately be described via solutions of the Korteweg-de Vries equation associated with the wave train. The aim of this paper is to give a much shorter proof of a slightly weaker result avoiding the very detailed and fine analysis of the above papers. Here, the error estimates are based on a suitable choice of polar coordinates, a Cauchy-Kowalevskaya-like method, and energy estimates.