Variations of Stieltjes-Wigert and \(q\)-Laguerre polynomials and their recurrence coefficients (Q2339500)

Semiclassical extensions of the Stieltjes-Wigert, \(q\)-Laguerre and little \(q\)-Laguerre weight functions are introduced and studied. Their properties are expressed in terms of the recurrence coefficients of the monic polynomials. The following main results are proved. Theorem 1. The recurrence coefficients of the orthogonal polynomials for the semiclassical Stieltjes-Wigert weight \[ w(x) = \frac{x^{\alpha}}{(- x^2; q^2)_{\infty} (-q^2/x^2; q^2)_{\infty}},\; x\in [0, \infty),\; \alpha\in {\mathbb R}, \eqno{(1.1)} \] can be found by \[ q^{2n+\alpha} b^2_n x_n = x_{n+1} + q^{2n+2\alpha} x_{n-1} (x_n + q^{-n - \alpha})^2 + 2 (x_n + q^{- \alpha}) \eqno{(1.2)} \] and \[ a^2_n = q^{1 - n} x_n + q^{-2n - \alpha + 1}, \eqno{(1.3)} \] where \(x_n\) satisfies the \(q\)-discrete Painlevé III equation \[ x_{n-1} x_{n+1} = \frac{(x_n + q^{-\alpha})^2}{(q_{n+\alpha} x_n + 1)^2}. \eqno{(1.4)} \] Theorem 2. The recurrence coefficients of the orthogonal polynomials for the semiclassical \(q\)-Laguerre weight \[ w(x) = \frac{x^{\alpha} (- p/x^2;q^2)_{\infty}}{(- x^2; q^2)_{\infty} (-q^2/x^2; q^2)_{\infty}},\; x\in [0, \infty),\; p\in [0, q^{-\alpha}),\; \alpha \geq 0, \eqno{(2.1)} \] can be found by \[ b_n^2 q^{2n+\alpha} z_n^2 = z_{n} z_{n+1} - 1 + q^{2n+2\alpha} \left(\sqrt{p q^{- 2 - \alpha}} z_n + q^{-n - \alpha}\right)^2 (z_n z_{n-1} - 1) + \eqno{(2.2)} \] \[ + 2 \left(z_n + \sqrt{q^{2 - \alpha}/p}\right) \left(z_n + \sqrt{p q^{\alpha - 2}}\right) \] and \[ a^2_n = q^{1 - n} z_n \sqrt{p q^{- 2 - \alpha}} + q^{-2n - \alpha + 1}, \eqno{(2.3)} \] where \(z_n\) satisfies the \(q\)-discrete Painlevé V equation \[ (z_n z_{n-1} - 1)(z_n z_{n+1} - 1) = \frac{\left(z_n + \sqrt{q^{2 - \alpha}/p}\right)^2 \left(z_n + \sqrt{p q^{\alpha - 2}}\right)^2}{(q_{n + \alpha/2 - 1} \sqrt{p} z_n + 1)^2}. \eqno{(2.4)} \] Theorem 3. The recurrence coefficients of the orthogonal polynomials for the weight \[ w(x) = x^{\alpha} (q^2 x^2; q^2)_{\infty}, \; \alpha > 0, \eqno{(3.1)} \] on the positive exponential lattice \(\{q^k | k = 0, 1, 2, 3, \ldots\}\) are given by \[ a^2_n = q^{n+\alpha/2 - 1} (x_n - q^{n+\alpha/2}), \; n \geq 1, \eqno{(3.2)} \] and \[ b^2_n x^2_n q^{- 2n - \alpha} = 1 - x_n x_{n+1} - q^{-2n} (x_n x_{n-1} - 1) (x_n q^{-\alpha/2} - q_n)^2 - \eqno{(3.3)} \] \[ - 2 (x_n - q^{\alpha/2}) (x_n - q^{- \alpha/2}), \; n \geq 1, \] with \({b^2_0} = 1 - q^{\alpha/2} x_1\), where \(x_n\) satisfies the \(q\)-discrete Painlevé V equation \[ (x_n x_{n - 1} - 1)(x_n x_{n+1} - 1) = \frac{q^{2n+\alpha} (x_n - q^{\alpha/2})^2 (x_n - q^{-\alpha/2})^2}{(x_n - q^{n+\alpha/2})^2}, \eqno{(3.4)} \] with initial values \(x_0 = q^{\alpha/2}\) and \(x_1 = q^{-\alpha/2} (1 - \mu^2_1 /\mu^2_0)\), where \(\mu_0\) and \(\mu_1\) are the first two moments of the weight \(w\).