Second order iterative functional equations related to a competition equation (Q2340860)
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English | Second order iterative functional equations related to a competition equation |
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Second order iterative functional equations related to a competition equation (English)
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21 April 2015
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The authors consider the following functional equation, called competition equation \[ f\Big(\frac{x+y}{1-xy}\Big)=\frac{f(x)+f(y)}{1+f(x)f(y)}, \quad x, y \in \mathbb R, \;xy \neq 1. \] They fix \(c>0\) and investigate the previous equation restricted to the straight line \(y=cx\). The following theorem holds. Theorem. Let \(c>0\) fixed. Suppose that \(f:\mathbb R \to \mathbb R\) is differentiable at \(0\) and \(f(0)=0\). If \(f\) satisfies the functional equation \[ f\Big(\frac{(1+c)x}{1-cx^2}\Big)=\frac{f(x)+f(cx)}{1+f(x)f(cx)}, \quad |x|<\frac{1}{\sqrt c}, \] then there is a \(p \in \mathbb R\) such that \(f=\tanh \circ (p \tan^{-1})\). The case \(c<0\) is then discussed.
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functional equation
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competition equation
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iterative functional equation of second order
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differentiable solution
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solution depending on an arbitrary function
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