Eigenvalues of the Laplacian on a compact manifold with density (Q2340908)

Let \((M,g)\) be a compact Riemannian smooth manifold endowed with a measure \(\sigma dv_g\) where \(\sigma = e^{-f} \in C^2(M) \) is a positive density. The weighted Laplacian \(L_\sigma\) on \(M\) (also called Bakry-Emery Laplacian) is then defined by \[ L_\sigma = \Delta_g - \frac{1}{\sigma}\nabla^g \sigma \cdot \nabla^g = \Delta_g + \nabla^gf \cdot \nabla_g \] where \(\nabla^g\) and \(\Delta_g\) denote the gradient and the Laplacian with respect to \(g\). The spectrum of \(L_\sigma\) with Neumann boundary condition if \(\partial M \neq \emptyset\) consists of an unbounded sequence of eigenvalues which satisfies the Weyl asymptotic formula \[ \lambda_k(L_\sigma) \sim 4 \pi^2 \omega_n^{-\frac{2}{n}} \Big( \frac{k}{V_g(M)}\Big)^{\frac{2}{n}}, \quad k \to + \infty. \] In this paper, the authors obtain bounds for \(\lambda_k(L_\sigma) \) which are consistent with the power of \(k\) in the above formula and discuss the sharpness of these bounds. As a corollary they obtain bounds for the eigenvalues of Hodge Laplacian on \(p\)-forms and on Schrödinger operators.