On the Riesz constants for systems of integer translates (Q2342359)

A family of functions \(\left\{ \phi_k(t)\right\}\subset L^2(\mathbb{R})\) is said to be a Riesz system if there exist positive constants \(A, B\) such that for any sequence \(c=\left\{ c_k\right\}\in \ell^2\) the following holds \[ A\left\|c\right\|_{\ell^2}^2\leq \left\|\sum_k c_k \phi_k (t) \right\|_{L^2(\mathbb{R})}^2\leq B\left\|c\right\|_{\ell^2}^2 . \] The largest \(A\) is called a lower Riesz bound (constant) and the smallest \(B\) is called an upper Riesz bound (constant). A function \(\tilde{\phi}(t)\) which is a linear combination of integer translates of a function \(\phi,\) i. e., the \(\phi_k(t)=\phi (t-k)\) \[ \tilde{\phi}(t)=\sum_k d_k \phi (t-k) \] for some constants \(d_k,\) is called a node function if it satisfies \(\tilde{\phi}(m)=\delta_{m,0},\) where \(m\in \mathbb{Z}\) and \(\delta_{m,0}\) is the Kronecker delta. In this paper the authors obtain explicit analytic formulas for the Riesz constants for systems of integer translates of the Gaussian function \(\phi (t)=\exp \left(-t^2/(2\sigma^2)\right)\) and the Lorentz function \(\phi(t) =\sigma^2/(t^2 +\sigma ^2) \) and study the limits of the bounds as \(\sigma \rightarrow \infty.\) In an earlier paper by \textit{M. V. Zhuravlev} et al. [J. Math. Sci., New York 173, No. 2, 231--241 (2011); translation from Sovrem. Mat. Prilozh. 67, 107--116 (2010; Zbl 1219.42023)], it was shown that for the integer translates of the Gaussian function \[ A_G(\sigma) =\sigma \sqrt{\pi} \Theta_3 (\pi/2, q) \; , \quad B_G(\sigma )=\sigma \sqrt{\pi} \Theta_3 (0,q), \] where \(q=\exp(-1/(4\sigma^2)\) and \(\Theta_3\) is the third Jacobi theta function, \[ \Theta_3 (t,q)=\sum_{k=-\infty}^\infty q^{k^2}e^{2ikt}, \quad |q|< 1. \] In the paper under review the authors show that for the integer translates of the Lorentz function \[ A_L(\sigma )=\frac{ \sigma^2 \pi^2}{\sinh (2\sigma \pi )}\quad \text{ and } \quad B_L(\sigma )=\frac{ \sigma^2 \pi^2\cosh (2\sigma \pi )}{\sinh (2\sigma \pi )} . \] For the associated node functions, it is shown that the bounds satisfy \[ \lim_{\sigma \rightarrow \infty}\tilde{A}_G (\sigma )= \frac12= \lim_{\sigma \rightarrow \infty}\tilde{A}_L (\sigma ), \quad \lim_{\sigma \rightarrow \infty}\tilde{B}_G (\sigma ) =1= \lim_{\sigma \rightarrow \infty}\tilde{B}_L (\sigma ). \] Moreover, the node functions associated with the Gaussian and the Lorentz functions satisfy the following relations \[ \lim_{\sigma \rightarrow \infty}\tilde{\phi}_G (t, \sigma ) =\frac{\sin \pi t}{\pi t} = \lim_{\sigma \rightarrow \infty}\tilde{\phi}_L (t, \sigma ), \] where the limits are taken in the sense of \(L^2 (\mathbb{R}).\)