Jacobi weights, fractional integration, and sharp Ulyanov inequalities (Q2343167)

The paper presents new general results in the theory of Landau-type inequalities, Hardy-Littlewood-type inequalities and Ulyanov-type inequalities, using the Jacobi weight, K-functionals with fractional derivatives and weighted moduli of smoothness. For the weight \(w^{(\alpha,\beta)}(x)=(1-x)^{\alpha}(1+x)^{\beta}\), \(x\in[-1,1]\), \(\alpha,\beta>-1\) and \(1\leq p<\infty\) let \(L_p^{(\alpha,\beta)}\) be the space of integrable functions with respect to \(w^{(\alpha,\beta)}\) endowed with the corresponding norm \(\|\cdot\|_{p,(\alpha,\beta)}\) and let \(\psi_k^{(\alpha,\beta)}\), \(k=0,1,\ldots\) be the orthonormal Jacobi polynomials. To any \(f\in L_p^{(\alpha,\beta)}\) consider the associated Fourier-Jacobi series \[ f\sim \sum_{k=0}^{\infty}\hat{f}^{(\alpha,\beta)}_k\Psi_k^{(\alpha,\beta)}, \] where \(\hat{f}^{(\alpha,\beta)}_k\) are the Fourier-Jacobi coefficients. The fractional derivative of order \(\sigma>0\) of a function \[ f\sim \sum_{k=0}^{\infty}\hat{f}^{(\alpha,\beta)}_k\Psi_k^{(\alpha,\beta)}, \] is defined by \(D_{\sigma}^{(\alpha,\beta)}f=g\), where \[ g \sim \sum_{k=1}^{\infty}\left(\lambda_k^{(\alpha,\beta)}\right)^{\sigma}\hat{f}^{(\alpha,\beta)}_k\Psi_k^{(\alpha,\beta)} \] and \[ \lambda_k^{(\alpha,\beta)}=(k(k+\alpha+\beta+1))^{1/2}. \] For \(r>0\), \(a,b,\alpha,\beta>-1\) define the \(K\) functional \[ K^r(f,D_r^{(\alpha,\beta)},t)_{p,(a,b)}=\inf\{\| f-g\|_{p, (a,b)}+t^r\| D_r^{(\alpha,\beta)}g\|_{p, (a,b)}:\;g\in W^{r, (\alpha,\beta)}_{p, (a,b)}\}, \] where \(W^{r, (\alpha,\beta)}_{p, (a,b)}=\{g:\; D_r^{(\alpha,\beta)}g\in L_p^{(a,b)}\}\). With these data, it is given a Ulyanov-type result of the form \[ K^r(f,D_r^{(\alpha,\beta)},t)_{q,(a,b)}\leq C\left(\int_0^t\Big(u^{-\sigma}K^{r+\sigma}(f,D_{r+\sigma}^{(\alpha,\beta)},u)_{p,(a,b)}\Big)^q\frac{du}u\right)^{1/q}, \] where \(1<p<q<\infty\), \(r>0\), \(a,b,\alpha,\beta>-1\), \((a+1)/p-\alpha<1\) \((b+1)/p-\beta<1\), \(\sigma=2(a+1)(1/p-1/q)\), and the parameters \(a\), \(b\), \(\alpha\), \(\beta\) satisfy also certain alternative conditions. This result extends results given by \textit{Z. Ditzian} and \textit{S. Tikhonov} [J. Approx. Theory 133, No. 1, 100--133 (2005; Zbl 1069.41014)] and \textit{W. Trebels} and \textit{U. Westphal} [J. Approx. Theory 160, No. 1--2, 154--170 (2009; Zbl 1190.47046)]. The authors refer to the book of \textit{G. Mastroianni} and \textit{G. V. Milovanović} [Interpolation processes. Basic theory and applications. Springer Monographs in Mathematics. Berlin: Springer (2008; Zbl 1154.41001)] for basic notions and facts. An other main aim of the paper is to obtain an Ulyanov type result in terms of a double weighted modulus \(\omega^r_{\varphi}(f,t)_{p,(\alpha,\beta)}\), \(r\in\mathbb{N}\), \(\varphi(x)=\sqrt{1-x^2}\), introduced by Ditzian and Totik in their book [\textit{Z. Ditzian} and \textit{V. Totik}, Moduli of smoothness. Springer Series in Computational Mathematics, 9. New York etc.: Springer- Verlag (1987; Zbl 0666.41001)].