Long-time behavior of a cooperative periodic-parabolic system: temporal degeneracy versus spatial degeneracy (Q2347169)

In this paper, the author studies the following cooperative periodic-parabolic system \[ \begin{aligned} \begin{cases} \partial _t u - \Delta u=\mu u+\alpha (x,t) v - a (x,t) u^p, \quad &(x,t) \in \Omega \times (0,\infty), \\ \partial _t v - \Delta v = \mu v +\beta (x,t) u - b (x,t)v^q, &(x,t) \in \Omega \times (0,\infty ),\\ \frac{\partial u}{\partial \nu}=\frac{\partial v}{\partial \nu}=0, &(x,t) \in \partial \Omega \times (0,\infty),\\ (u(x,0),\;v(x,0))=(u_0 (x),v_0 (x)) > (0,0), &x \in \Omega, \end{cases} \end{aligned} \] in which \(\Omega \subset \mathbb R^N (N \geq 2)\) is a bounded smooth domain with \(\partial \Omega \) of class \(C^{2 + \theta}\) for some \(\theta \in (0,1)\), \(p,q>1\) are constants, \(\mu \) is a varying parameter, \(\alpha (x,t)>0, \beta (x,t) > 0, a(x,t) \geq 0, b (x,t) \geq 0\) are \(C^{\theta ,\frac{\theta}{2}}(\overline{\Omega} \times \mathbb{R})\) and \(T\)-periodic in \(t\), and \(\nu\) is the outward unit normal vector of \(\partial \Omega\). In the earlier paper by \textit{P. Álvarez-Caudevilla} et al. [SIAM J. Math. Anal. 46, No. 1, 499--531 (2014; Zbl 1293.35138)], the authors obtain the existence as well as the long time behavior of positive solutions for the nondegenerate case, and in the spatiotemporal degenerate case of \(a(x,t)\) and \(b(x,t)\). In this paper, two degenerate cases of \(a(x,t)\) and \(b(x,t)\) are investigated: both \(a\) and \(b\) have only temporal degeneracy, and both \(a\) and \(b\) have only spatial degeneracy. Under three different conditions, some long time convergence results are obtained, in which \(\mu\) plays an important role.