General solutions of sums of consecutive cubed integers equal to squared integers (Q2352026)

In the paper under review the author studies the Diophantine equation \[ \sum_{i=0}^{M-1} (a+i)=c^2 \] and attempts to find all solutions \((M,a,c)\). For small and fixed \(M\) results have been found by several mathematicians, for instance by \textit{R. J. Stroeker} [Compos. Math. 97, No. 1--2, 295--307 (1995; Zbl 0837.11012)] in the case that \(2\leq M \leq 50\). In the paper under review the author finds parametrized solutions to the Diophantine equation in terms of Chebyshev polynomials and fundamental solutions of generalized Pell equations. E.g. (see Theorem 3) for any \(k,n \in \mathbb{N}\) the triple \[ M=k\left(U_n((2k+1)^2)-U_{n-1}((2k+1)^2)\right), \] \[ a=\frac{U_n((2k+1)^2)-U_{n-1}((2k+1)^2)+1}2, \] \[ c=\frac{k(k+1)U_{2n}((2k+1)^2)}2 \] yields a solution, where \(U_n\) denotes the \(n\)-th Chebyshev polynomial of the second kind.