Positive solutions for a class of elliptic systems with singular potentials (Q2355392)

In this paper the authors consider the existence of positive solutions for the following elliptic system \[ \begin{cases} -\varepsilon^2 \Delta u + V_1(x)u = K(x)Q_u(u, v)&\;\text{in}\;\mathbb{R}^N,\\ -\varepsilon^2 \Delta v+ V_2(x)v = K(x)Q_v(u, v)&\;\text{in}\;\mathbb{R}^N,\\ u, v \in W^{1,2}(\mathbb{R}^N), u, v >0 & \;\text{in}\;\mathbb{R}^N,\\ \lim_{|x|\rightarrow\infty}u(x) = \lim_{|x|\rightarrow\infty} v(x) = 0,\end{cases}\tag{S} \] where \(\varepsilon\) is a small positive parameter, \(N\geq3\), and the potentials \(V_1, V_2, K\) satisfy the following conditions: {\parindent=6mm \begin{itemize} \item[(V] \(V_i \in L^1_{\mathrm{loc}}(\mathbb{R}^N)\bigcap C^0(\mathbb{R}^N\backslash S^i_0, [0,\infty))\) for a bounded Lebesgue measure zero set \(S^i_0 , Z\bigcap \overline{S^i_0} =\emptyset, i = 1, 2,\) where \(Z =\{x\in \mathbb{R}^N\backslash S_0 | V (x) = 0\}, S_0 = S^1_0 \bigcup S^2_0 \) and \(V (x) = \min\{V_1(x), V_2(x)\}\); moreover, \(\liminf_{d(x,S_0)\rightarrow 0} V (x)\in (0,\infty] \) and \(\liminf_{|x|\rightarrow\infty}|x|^2 V (x)\geq 4\lambda > 0 \) for some \( \lambda> 0\). \item [(K)] \(K \in L^{q_0}_{\mathrm{loc}}(\mathbb{R}^N)\) for some \(q_0 >\frac{ 2^*}{ 2^*-(p+1)} \max\{\frac{ p+1}{p-1}, \frac{2^*}{2^*-(p+1)}\}; K \in C^0(\mathbb{R}^N\backslash S, [0,\infty))\) for a bounded and Lebesgue measure zero set \(S\); \(\limsup_{|x|\rightarrow\infty}K(x) |x|^{-\gamma_\infty} < \infty\) for some \(\gamma_\infty > 0\). \end{itemize}} The function \(Q \in C^1([0,+\infty) \times [0,+\infty),\mathbb{R})\) is a homogeneous function of degree \(p + 1\), with \(1 < p < \frac{N+2}{N-2}, N \geq 3\) and, verifies: {\parindent=6mm \begin{itemize} \item[(] There exists \(C > 0\) such that \[ \begin{cases} |Q_u(u, v)|\leq C(u^p + v^p), & \forall u, v\geq 0,\\ |Q_v(u, v)| \leq C(u^p + v^p), & \forall u, v \geq 0; \end{cases} \] \item [(] There exist \(\rho_1, \rho_2 > 0\) such that \[ \rho_1(|u|^{p+1} + |v|^{p+1})\leq Q(u, v)\leq \rho_2 (|u|^{p+1} + |v|^{p+1}),\;\forall u, v > 0; \] \item [(] \(Q_u(0, 1), Q_v(1, 0) > 0;\) \item [(] \(Q(u, v) > 0, \forall u, v > 0;\) \item [(] \(Q_u(u, v),Q_v(u, v)\geq0, \forall u, v \geq0\). \end{itemize}} The authors prove the following result. Theorem. Suppose that \((Q_1)-(Q_5), (V )\) and \((K)\) hold. Let \(A\subset Z\bigcup S\) be an isolated compact subset of \(Z \bigcup S\) such that \(\overline{A \bigcap S_0} \bigcap \overline{S_0\backslash A} =\emptyset\) and \[ \lim_{0<d(x,A)\rightarrow0} W^{\frac{2N-(p+1)(N-2)}{2}}(x)/K^2(x)= 0, \text{where}\;W(x) = \max \{V_1(x), V_2(x)\}. \] Then for \(\varepsilon\) sufficiently small, ({S}) has a solution \((u_\varepsilon, v_\varepsilon)\in W^{1,2}(\mathbb{R}^N)\times W^{1,2}(\mathbb{R}^N), u_\varepsilon, v_\varepsilon> 0,\) such that \[ \lim_{\varepsilon\rightarrow0}\|u_\varepsilon\|_{L^\infty(\mathbb{R}^N)}= \lim_{\varepsilon\rightarrow0}\|v_\varepsilon\|_{L^\infty(\mathbb{R}^N)}=0 \] and \[ \liminf_{\varepsilon\rightarrow0}\varepsilon^{-2/(p-1)} \|u_\varepsilon+v_\varepsilon\|_{L^\infty(\mathbb{R}^N)}>0. \] Moreover, for each \(\delta> 0\), there are constants \(C, c > 0\) such that \[ u_\varepsilon(x),v_\varepsilon(x)\leq C \exp(-c/\varepsilon)\bigg[1+(|x|/2R_0)^{-\frac{\sqrt{\lambda}}{\varepsilon}}\bigg]\;\;\forall x\in\mathbb{R}^N\backslash A^\delta, \] where \(A^\delta \equiv\{x\in\mathbb{R}^N| d(x,A)\leq\delta\}\)and \(R_0\) is a positive constant given by (\(V\) ) and (\(K\)).