Hodge modules on complex tori and generic vanishing for compact Kähler manifolds (Q2356968)

The paper's theme is generic vanishing theorems, the variations which are presented here deal with compact complex tori. The proofs require the use of powerful, quite hard, methods, which are encoded in M. Saito's theory of Hodge modules. In this manner the authors pursue further here, to the Kähler case, a program which they have previously explored in the projective case, see for instance [\textit{M. Popa} and \textit{C. Schnell}, Forum Math. Sigma 1, Article ID e1, 60 p. (2013; Zbl 1281.14007)]. One main application found yields this generalization of a beautiful criterion, which \textit{J. A. Chen} and \textit{C. D. Hacon} had proved for algebraic varieties [Invent. Math. 143, 435--447 (2001; Zbl 0996.14020)]: a compact Kähler manifold \(X\) is bimeromorphic to a compact complex torus if and only if \({\dim H^1(X, \mathbb C) = 2 \dim X }\) and \({P_1(X) = P_2(X) = 1}\). A second application deals with with a holomorphic mapping \(f : X \to T\) from a compact Kähler manifold to a compact complex torus and it proves the coincidence of two filtrations on \(H^k(X, \omega _X) \). The first one is the Leray filtration \( L^{\bullet} H^k(X, \omega _X) \) whose graded quotients are \( gr_L^i H^k(X, \omega _X) = H^i \bigl( T, R^{k-i} f_{\ast} \omega _X \bigr) \). The other filtration is: \newline \(F^i H^k(X, \omega _X) = {\text{ Im }} \left( \bigwedge ^i H^1(T, \mathcal O_T) \otimes H^{k-i} (X, \omega _X) \to H^{k}(X, \omega_ X) \right).\) The result states that the two filtrations coincide. The core of the paper deals with the issue of proving the existence of a decomposition \[ R^j f_{\ast} \omega _X \simeq \bigoplus_{k=1}^n \bigl( q^{\ast} _k \mathcal F_k \otimes L_k \bigr), \] where each \(\mathcal F_k\) is an M-regular (hence ample) coherent sheaf with projective support on the compact complex torus \(T_k\), each \(q_k : T \to T_k\) is a surjective morphism with connected fibers, and each \(L_k \in \mathrm{Pic}^0(T)\) has finite order. The authors rely extensively on Saito's theory and techniques, furthermore they add new contributions in the direction of polarizable real and complex Hodge modules on compact complex tori. The technical package works most efficiently, a statement, parallel to the preceding one, is proved to hold for the coherent \( \mathcal O_T\) sheaves which are the graded quotients of the said real Hodge modules. The decomposition theorem for \(R^j f_{\ast} \omega _X \) follows directly, since this sheaf turns out to be the first non trivial piece of a natural module associated with \(f: X \to T\).