Multiple solutions for the semilinear elliptic equations with the sign-changing logarithmic nonlinearity (Q2360028)

The aim of the paper are nontrivial solutions of the following semilinear elliptic equation with sign-changing logarithmic nonlinearity \[ \begin{aligned} -\Delta u = a(x)u \log |u|, \text{ in } \Omega, \\ u = 0 \text{ on } \partial \Omega, \end{aligned} \] where \(\Omega\) is a smooth bounded domain of \(\mathbb{R}^n, n \geq 1.\) The main result is the following Theorem. Let \(a(x) \in C(\overline{\Omega}) \) changes sign in \(\overline{\Omega}\), satisfying \[ \max_{\overline{\Omega}} |a(x)| <2\pi^{2-4|\Omega|_n/{ne}}, \] where \(|\Omega|_n \) is the volume of \(\Omega\) in \(\mathbb{R}^n\). Then the semilinear elliptic equation has at least two nontrivial solutions. The proof is based on the Nehari manifold method, and the essential part is that the energy functional \[ J(u) = \frac{1}{2}\bigg( \int_\Omega |\nabla u|^2 dx - \int_\Omega a(x)u^2 \log |u| dx + \frac{1}{2} \int_\Omega a(x)u^2 dx \bigg) \] has two minimizers.